thoracic

Question 1

thoracic rom

Answer 1

flexion 80deg
sitting rotation 45deg
lateral flexion 35deg
extension 25deg

Question 2

how to measure ROM - thoracic flexion/extension

Answer 2

standing

tape measure between T2-S1 or bubble goniometer /inclinometer between T1-T2

Question 3

how to measure ROM - thoracic lateral flexion

Answer 3

standing, stability pelvis

axis: posterior spinous process S2
stationary: perpendicular to ground
moving: along posterior spinous process T1

Question 4

how to measure ROM - thoracic rotation

Answer 4

sitting

axis: center of cranial aspect of head
stationary: parallel to line between iliac crests
moving: middle line between two acromion

Question 5

thoracic spine - open and closed pack positions

Answer 5

open: midway between flexion, extension
closed: extension

Question 6

thoracic spine capsular pattern

Answer 6

lateral flexion and rotation equally limited

extension

Question 7

thoracic spine rule of 3

Answer 7

T1 -T3 spinous process same transverse plane as the transverse process of the same vertebrae
T4-T6 SP halfway between its own TPs the adjacent vertebrae below
T7-T9 SP same transverse plane as the TPs of the adjacent vertebrae below
T10 one below
T11 half below
T12 same plane

Question 8

coupled motion of thoracic spine

what does this mean for ZPG movements?

Answer 8

side bend and rotation same direction
ipsilateral side- downglide, ZPG joint closes
contralateral side - upglide, ZPG joint opens/gaps

Question 9

what kind of scoliosis?

• Right shoulder that is higher than the left,
• left iliac crest that is higher than the right.
• Right thoracic rib hump with trunk forward flexion

Answer 9

Right structural scoliosis

• R side - hump more prominent on R, backward C (L shoulder down, L hip up)
• structural = irreversible lateral curvature with fixed rotation of the vertebrae, indicated with forward flexion

Question 10

what intervention?

children who have idiopathic scoliosis and who are skeletally immature and have a Cobb angle of 25° to 45°.

Answer 10

Orthotic management

Question 11

what intervention?

progressive idiopathic curve and a Cobb angle greater than 40°.

Answer 11

spinal fusion surgery