Threats to data

Question 1

Phishing

Answer 1

• sending email to user falsely claiming to be a genuine enterprise in attempt to scam the user into giving private information that will be used for identity theft
• email directs user to website which captures and steals and information that user types

Question 2

Effects and preventions of phishing

Answer 2

• identity theft, financial losses, loss in productivity
• don’t give personal info any random requests for information, don’t open unknown emials, use antivirus and firewall, delete messages that appear to be spam

Question 3

Hacking

Answer 3

• unauthorised access to manipulate the normal behaviour of network connections and connected systems
• goes through scripts and other network programming

Question 4

Effects and preventions of hacking

Answer 4

• exposure of sensitive information, risk to privacy, risk to national security
• before connecting to public wifi, check if network name is real, disable wifi when not in use (prevents it from connecting automatically), change passwords often, check permissions on apps before installing

Question 5

Virus

Answer 5

• small software programs which are designed to spread from one computer to another, with the intention of causing interference with the computer operation.
• commonly spread by attachments in emails or instant messaging

Question 6

Effects and preventions of virus

Answer 6

• corrupts files - interrupting internet traffic and taking over simple functions of your operating system, software can record keystrokes and screen data, personal info can be transmitted to people behind malware
• keep computer current with latest updates and antivirus software, antivirus, stay informed about recent threats, run computer as a standard user, only open email attachments from contacts you know

Question 7

Trojan

Answer 7

• malware disguised as legitimate software. Can be employed by internet thieves and hackers that intend to gain access to users systems
• users tricked by form of social engineering into loading and performing trojans on their systems. Allows defenders to spy, steal and gain access to data.

Question 8

Effects and preventions of trojans

Answer 8

• key Logger programs send report of all buttons and keys you press on the keyboard to the hacker, corrupts data, bugs, install backdoor access program to your computer, financial losses
• antivirus, firewalls, organise user accounts permissions on your computer so accounts with full administrative rights are only used to install or update software

Question 9

Interception

Answer 9

Unofficial party has gained access to an asset. The outside party can be a person, program or computer system.

Question 10

Effects and prevention of interception

Answer 10

• illegal copying or program or data files, wire trapping may be carried out to take sensitive data from a person or company, financial losesses
• traffic encryption, data should be passed through the ISP network and further - outside your home country is encrypted. No staff or government authorities can intercept your data.

Question 11

Eavesdropping

Answer 11

Intercepting conversations without the awareness or consent of at least one of the participants.

Specialised program used to sniff and record packets of data communication from a network and then after it’s listened to or read using tools for analysis and decryption.

Question 12

Effects and preventions of eavesdropping

Answer 12

• thieves can steal personal data, users behind the electronic intercepting may record your conversations
• encryption (HTTPS), understand which devices are present on your network and carefully control the software that is installed on them

Question 13

Data theft

Answer 13

Information illegally copied or stolen from a business or person. Information regards passwords, card details and etc.

Question 14

Effects and preventions of data theft

Answer 14

• loss of data on portable devices, thieves can email sensitive data to others, data can be removed copied from a company
• encrypt corporate data, protect mobile devices, carry out security risk assessments and security checks, protect wireless network by changing passwords, ban or restrict use of portable devices

Question 15

Social engineering

Answer 15

Influencing people so they give up private information. Criminals trick you into giving them your passwords or ban info or access your computer secretly to install malicious software. This gives them control over your whole computer.

Question 16

Social engineering effects and preventions

Answer 16

• exploits a person to trust their word, blackmail after a relationship develops between criminal and user, sensitive data may be exposed
• biometrics, delete requests for financial information, reject requests for help, be cautious of any uninvited messages