In charging and discharging capacitor equation what do the symbols mean
Vc = capacitor voltage (target voltage)
Vo = supply voltage
How to know if a capacitor is charging or discharging
Charging capacitor
If a the two ends of the capacitor are connected to a power supply(has a voltage across it) then its is charging, if a resistor is in the way it charges slowly, if it is connected directly it charges instantly.
Discharging capacitor
If the two ends aren’t connected to a power supply(both end connected to 0V or Pd of 0V across it) then it will be discharging. If a resistor is in the way it will discharge slowly if not it will discharge instantly.
So if the resistor is in series it is charging, if in parallel it is discharging to the resistor
Astable and monostable circuits and equations
Astable Schmitt not gate with resistor in parallel and in series capacitor before. Equation is f=1/RC
Monostable, capacitor and resistor in series with switch connected to capacitor in parallel and a not gate coming of between the capacitor and resistor. While the switch is closed it is in the stable state when it opens is the unstable state. As the capacitor slowly charges (when the switch is open) because the resistor is limiting the current the not gate activates when the voltage of the capacitor reaches the activation voltage
https://imgur.com/a/KgW4ioS
Difference between astable 555 and monostable 555
monostable will have a switch connected to pin 2 since you want a way to activate it
Astable does not have a switch since it doesn’t need activating switches between the 2 states
How does the monostable 555 work and time period
https://imgur.com/a/9gQnt3q
pin 7 discharge
pin 6 threshold monitors voltage
pin 2 trigger
Resistor and switch in series as the trigger connecting to pin 2. And capacitor sits discharged when not in use. When it is triggered the output goes high ,pin 7 disconnects so the capacitor start charging through the resistor. When the voltage reaches the threshold of 2/3 Vs voltage pin 6 detects it and turns of the output and reconnects pin 7 so the capacitor discharge again.
Time period T=1.1RC same section as astable equations in the equation sheet
555 astable diagram
resistor chain and a capacitor all in series with capacitor at bottom. Pin 2 and 6 connected together and connected to the capacitor. Pin 7 connected in between the resistors
