Topic 12 part 2

Question 1

ABDs of coronary hearth disease

Answer 1

Type A

• Hostility competitiveness, time urgency, feeling driven

Type B

• Cooprative patient, non-competitive, nonaggressive

Type D (distressed)

• Insecurity, anxiety, negative outlook

Question 2

Psychological aspects of cancer

Answer 2

2nd leading cause of death

Emotional responses may affect the course

• Adopting “fighting spirit” leads to better coping & less emotional anguish BUT the long-term survival rate is no better

Psychoneuroimmunologists found that a person’s emotional state affects the immune system in the same way as stress

• Certain types of therapy have the potential to extend the lives of cancer patients

Question 3

Coping with stress: the maladaptive ways

Answer 3

Avoidant coping

• people use wishful thinking to reduce stress OR direct escape routes

Defense mechanism

• Unconscious strategies people use to reduce anxiety by concealing the source from themselves and others
• Don’t deal with the problem

Question 4

Control & stress

Answer 4

Perceived control

• Beliefs about our personal capacity to exert influence over and shape outcomes

Associated with favorable outcomes like

• Better physical & mental health
• Greater psychological well-being
• Lower emotional and physical reactivity to daily stressors

Question 5

Hardiness

Answer 5

A personality characteristic associated with a lower rate of stress-related illness, consists of three components

• Commitment
• Challenge
• Control

Question 6

Resilience

Answer 6

The ability to withstand, overcome and actually thrive after profound adversity

• Easygoing, good social skills, independent, have a sense of control over destiny
• Associated with trait optimism

Question 7

Stress reduction techniques

Answer 7

Exercise

• Reduces stress and increases resitance to adverse effects of stress

Meditation & relaxation

• Uses electronic equipment to measure a persons involuntary activity & provide feedback

Question 8

Meditation & stress

Answer 8

Mediation is associated with

• Reduction in stress hormones
• Reductin inflammatory responses
• Improvements in sleep quality