Topic 2

Question 1

Atomic/Proton number

Answer 1

The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of a particular element.

Question 2

Electron

Answer 2

Negatively charged subatomic particle which orbit the nucleus at various energy levels. Relative mass of 1/2000

Question 3

First ionisation energy

Answer 3

The energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions

Question 4

Isotope

Answer 4

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus, e.g. 35 C l and 37 C l

Question 5

Second ionisation energy

Answer 5

The energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from each ion in 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions to form 1 mole of gaseous 2+ ions

Question 6

Shielding

Answer 6

A decrease in the nuclear attraction experienced by an outer shell electron caused by electron-electron repulsion between the outer shell electron and electrons from adjacent quantum shells.

Question 7

Mass spectrometry

Answer 7

A technique that measures the mass to charge ratio of gaseous ions. Mass spectrometry may be used after a mixture has been separated by GC to identify the compounds present.

Question 8

Relative peak height

Answer 8

Found in mass spectra, indicating the relative abundance of the substance that made the peak

Question 9

Relative abundance (of isotopes)

Answer 9

The percentage of atoms found within a naturally occurring sample of an element that has a specific atomic mass.