topic 3

Question 1

cells consist of about _____% water

Answer 1

70-95%

Question 2

the polarity of water allows them to

Answer 2

form hydrogen bonds with each other

Question 3

what contributes to the various properties of water?

Answer 3

its polarity

Question 4

4 properties of water

Answer 4

• cohesion
• temperature moderation
• evaporative cooling
• versatility as a solvent

Question 5

cohesion

Answer 5

• the bonding of water molecules to neighboring molecules
• occurs due to hydrogen bonding

Question 6

how do water properties help water transport in plants?

Answer 6

• adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls due to H-bonds helps transfer water upwards against gravity
• cohesion of water molecules helps them stick together during transfer

Question 7

surface tension

Answer 7

how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid

Question 8

2 ways water moderates air temperature

Answer 8

• by absorbing heat from air that is warmer
• by releasing the stored heat to air that is cooler

Question 9

what property helps water resist changes in temperature?

Answer 9

high specific heat

Question 10

why does water have a high specific heat?

Answer 10

instead of forming/breaking covalent bonds of water molecules, we form/break hydrogen bonds between them

Question 11

water also has a ______ for the same reason as a high specific heat

Answer 11

high heat of vaporization

Question 12

solution

Answer 12

a liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of substances

Question 13

solvent

Answer 13

the dissolving agent of a solution

Question 14

solute

Answer 14

the substance dissolved

Question 15

aqueous solution

Answer 15

solution in which water is the solvent

Question 16

an acid

Answer 16

any substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] of a solution

Question 17

a base

Answer 17

any substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution