Define training impulse
- Training impulse or Trimp (sometimes TSS) is a measurement of the impulse each training has on your body.
Describe the training principles of overload, specificity, individuality and reversibility.
- Overload means we must put our bodies under more stress than normal in order for adaptive changes to be made.
- Specificity relates to ensuring the training done is specific to the sport or activity.
- The reversibility principle is a concept that states when you stop working out, you lose the effects of training.
- The Principle of Individuality maintains that no two individuals will benefit from exercise exactly the same way physically or psychologically.
How is training impulse calculated
- Training duration and maximal resting
- Average HR
Outline the metabolic, cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular adaptations to anaerobic exercise training (counldn’t find cardiovascular)
- Metabolic: Builds tolerance to lactate, improving muscle fatigue. Increased concentration of anaerobic substrates, increased concentration of enzymes
Neuromuscular: Increase in no. of mitochondria, and capillaries, increased motor unit firing
Outline the metabolic, cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular adaptations to aerobic exercise training.
- Metabolic: Increased myoblin and mitochondria
- Cardiorespiratory: Increase in tidal volume, stroke volume and cardiac output. Overal increase oxygen consumption
- Neuromuscular: Motor unit discharge rate decreases, decrease in motor unit recruitment thresholds
Describe overtraining syndrome and explain the contributing factors to overtraining syndrome in athletes
- is a condition in which an athlete experiences fatigue and declining performance in sport despite continuing or increased training
- symptoms are due to a combination of changes in hormones, suppression of the immune system
- Reaching too far in one training cycle, not taking enough breaks. Too many intense speed workuts
4 factors affecting the aerobic training response
- Initial level of aerobic fitness
- Training frequency.
- Training intensity
- Training duration.
List physiologic adaptations to chronic resistance exercise.
- increased cross-sectional size of the muscle fibres, also known as muscle hypertrophy.
- Reduction in fat mass
- Increased strength
Differentiate overreaching from overtraining
- Overreaching is a much shorter or less severe variation of overtraining is referred to as overreaching, which is easily recovered from in just a few days
Define DOMS.
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
Describe the potential causes of DOMS and the phases of onset and recovery.
- High intensity exercise
- Eccentric exercise
- Onset phase is when the muscle/s first becomes sore 12-24 hours after exercose
- During this recovery period, the goal will be to help your muscles naturally pump out excess fluid and decrease inflammation.
