Transformations

Question 1

y = f(x) + a

Answer 1

plus a - up
minus a - down

Question 2

y = f(x-a)

Answer 2

plus a - left
minus a - right

Question 3

y = -f(x)

Answer 3

Reflection in x-axis (y coordinates inverse)

Question 4

y = f(-x)

Answer 4

Reflection in y-axis (x coordinates inverse)

Question 5

y = kf(x)

Answer 5

Stretch in y-axis
Scale factor k
(x values remain the same, y values multiplied by k)

Question 6

y = f(kx)

Answer 6

Stretch in x-axis
Scale factor 1/k
(y values remain the same, x values multiplied by 1/k)