What are the most commonly used forms of psychotherapy
CBT
psychodynamic psychotherapy
What are the principles of psychotherapy
Develop therapeutic relationship Listen to pts concerns Empathetic approach Provide info, support and advice Allow expression of emotion Encourage self help
What can CBT be used for
mild-mod depressive illness eating disorders anxiety disorders BPAD substance misuse disorders schizophrenia chronic medical conditions eg fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue sydrome
Aim of CBT
Help individuals to identify and challenge their autonomic negative thoughts and then to modify any abnormal underlying core beliefs
What behavioural therapies are available
- relaxation training
- systemic desensitisation - used for phobic anxiety disorders - gradual exposure
- flooding - pt rapidly exposed to phobia
- exposure and response prevention - OCD & phobias. Pt repeatedly exposed to situation and prevented from forming compulsive act
- Behavioural activation - depressive illness - making realistic and active plans to carry out activities and then increasing the amount of activity
What are psychodynamic therapies used for
dissociative disorders somatoform disorders psychosexual disorders certain personality disorders chronic dysthymia recurrent depression
What is the rationale behind psychodynamic therapies
based upon the idea that childhood experiences, past unresolved conflicts and previous relationships significantly influence an individuals current situation
Aim of psychodynamic therapies
the unconscious mind is explored using free association (the pt says whatever comes to their mind) and the therapist then interprets these statements
Conflicts and defence mechanisms are explored and the client subsequently develops insight in order to change their maladaptive behaviour
Key tools of psychodynamic therapies
1 - transference: pt re-experiences emotions from early important relationships in their relationship with the therapist
2 - counter-transference: the therapist is affected by the powerful emotions felt by the pt during therapy and reflects what the pt is feeling
Simple forms of psychotherapy
- psychoeducation
- counselling
- supportive psychotherapy
- problem solving therapy
What is eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing
- psychotherapy used for PTSD
- aims to help pts access and process traumatic memories
- involves pt recalling events while focussing on therapist directing pts lateral eye movements by asking them to look one way and then another
What is dialectical behavioural therapy
- used for individuals with borderline PD
- the therapy adopts components of CBT and also provides group skills training to provide the individual with alternative coping strategies when faced with emotional instability (rather than self harm)
What psychotherapy could you use for adverse life events
psychoeducation
counselling
relaxation training
What psychotherapy could you use for depression
psychoeducation counselling CBT psychodynamic therapy IPT - interpersonal therapy behavioural activation
What psychotherapy could you use for PTSD
psychoeducation
CBT (trauma focused)
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)
What psychotherapy could you use for schizophrenia
psychoeducation
CBT
family therapy
What psychotherapy could you use for eating disorders
psychoeducation CBT IPT family therapy cognitive analytic therapy
What psychotherapy could you use for anxiety disorders
psychoeducation
CBT
behavioural therapies
What psychotherapy could you use for substance misuse
psychoeducation
CBT
motivation interviewing
group therapy
What psychotherapy could you use for borderline personality disorder
psychoeducation
DBT
psychodynamic therapy
cognitive analytic therapy
What are the different formats therapy can be offered in
Individual therapy
Couples therapy
Family therapy
Group therapy
