what % of afghanistan is pashtun and tajik
52% pashtun, 15% tajik
what is the predominant religion and what percent in Afghanistan
Islam - 99%
when did the Taliban form
1994
when did the US forces enter Afghanistan
2001
when did the Taliban retake control of Afghanistan
2021
between 2016-2020 how many women faced violence and how many were married without consent in Afghanistan
more than half faced violence, whether that was physical, emotional, sexual or psychological. more than 60% were married without their consent.
how many cases of honour killings were there in 2012 in afghanistan
240
in 2023 what percentage of Afghan girls under 18 were married
29%
what law was passed in august 2024 in afghanistan
women were banned from speaking in public, they were not allowed to travel more than 72km without a male chaperone, they couldn’t sing, and they were basically erased from public life
where does the Taliban’s authority stem from
the islamic emirate of afghanistan which is organised around a supreme leader who they believe is endowed by god. they also apply Shari law from the Quran.
what theory is most applicable to afghanistan and why
conflict theory due to the social realiites including the power struggles, inequality, and conflict within the country. the political repression, ethnic tensions, and gender inequalities are diriving factors of class conflict
what is the humanitarian crisis in afghansitan
more than 23 million people are in need of aid, and there are increases in human rights violations including arbitrary arrests, media repression, and targeted violence against minorities.h
when was barbie first introduced
in 1959, Babrie was introduced at an international toy fair in NYC by Ruth and Elliot Handler.
what are the origins of barbie
they modelled barbie after the german doll known as Lilli. lilli was a doll created for adult entertainment, acting as a symbol of sex and germany for the men of germany. Ruth bought Lilli in 1956, and created barbie by 1959.
how do babrie grow
it was introduced at an international toy fair in 1959, growing to sell over 350 000 units in the first year alone.
changes to barbie
The Barbie doll’s which were both blonde and brunette didn’t change much until 1967, when Mattel launched a ‘new’ Barbie doll, marking the start of changes to Barbie. By 2024, Barbie dolls come in 35 skin tones, 97 hair styles, and 9 body types, with disabilities and various conditions including no hair, vitiligo, down syndrome, and hearing aid barbie being launched.
continuities to barbie
Barbie has always represented independence and a modern adult lifestyle, distinguishing her from baby dolls that model motherhood.
The core idea of Barbie as an aspirational figure that can be anything has remained central, even as her careers and image has evolved.
roles of hero and mythology in the perpetuation of barbie
Myths and heroes play a key role in giving consumers ‘something to believe in’. Ruth Handler designed Barbie as a symbol of the idealised, independent woman, drawing inspiration from mythic ideas of aspiration and self-reinvention. Barbie embodies mythological hero traits, consistently portrayed as the ‘ultimate good girl’, a peace maker, and a role model.
Mattel is often critiqued by feminist scholars who claim that Barbie exemplifies hegemonic beauty ideals and reinforces the patriarchy, the normalisation of heterosexuality and white imperialism within Western society.
consumers of barbie
barbies market size in 2024 was 120 million USD. it was divided into 2 main sectors, the barbie collector who were the adult collectors, with this groups focus on high-end, limited edition dolls. the other section is targeted towards young girls.
SVR: Education
all ATSI aged 20+ only 40% had completed year 12, and 17% had completed year 9 only.
SVR: Employment
in 2019, only 48% of ATSI were employed, compared to 76% of non ATSI
SVR: Technology
ATSI households were 76% less likely to have internet access. only 63% of ATSI households had reliable internet connection compared to 77% of other households.
SVR: Housing
only 42% of ATSI owned their own homes. 1 in 5 of australias homeless population is ATSI. and 1 in 5 were living in overcrowded dwellings of houses with major structural issues.
SVR: Healthcare
38% of ATSI living in major cities had access to good healthcare, and only 17% of those in remote areas had good access.
