• Limited or no connectivity: The connection has limited or no connectivity. You might be unable to access the Internet or some network resources. The connection is limited Local issues Wireless signal, disconnected cable Check IP address configuration Reboot External issues Wireless router rebooted/turned off Ping your default gateway and external IP

Can’t find operating system OS missing Boot loader replaced or changed Multiple OSes installed Check boot drives Remove any media ``` • Startup Repair • Modify the Windows Boot Configuration Database (BCD) • Formerly boot.ini • Recovery Console: bootrec /rebuildbcd ```

Missing NTLDR The main Windows boot loader is missing Run Startup Repair or replace manually and reboot Missing operating system Boot Configuration Data (BCD) may be incorrect Run Startup Repair or manually configure BCD store Boots to Safe Mode Windows is not starting normally Run Startup Repair

Application stops working May provide an error message May just disappear Check the Event Log Often includes useful reconnaissance Check the Reliability Monitor A history of application problems Checks for resolutions Reinstall the application Contact application support

No login dialog, no desktop Driver corruption, OS file corruption Start in VGA mode F8 for startup options Run SFC - System File Checker Run from recovery console Update driver in Safe Mode Download from known good source • Repair/Refresh or recover from backup

Device not starting Check Device Manager and Event Viewer Often a bad driver Remove or replace driver “One or more services failed to start” Bad/incorrect driver, bad hardware Try starting manually Check account permissions Confirm service dependencies Windows service; check system files

Boot process hangs or takes longer than normal No activity, no drive lights Manage the startup apps Control what loads during the boot process Task Manager Startup tab Startup impact, Right-click / Disable Disable everything Load them back one at a time

Troubleshooting Windows Flashcards by Mr. Victor B.

Slow system performance

Task Manager
Check for high CPU utilization and I/O
Windows Update
Latest patches and drivers
Disk space
Check for available space and defrag
Laptops may be using power-saving mode
Throttles the CPU
Anti-virus and anti-malware
Scan for bad guys

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Limited connectivity

• Limited or no connectivity: The connection has limited
or no connectivity. You might be unable to access the
Internet or some network resources. The connection is
limited

Local issues
Wireless signal, disconnected cable
Check IP address configuration
Reboot
External issues
Wireless router rebooted/turned off
Ping your default gateway and external IP

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Boot errors

Can’t find operating system
OS missing
Boot loader replaced or changed
Multiple OSes installed
Check boot drives
Remove any media

• Startup Repair
• Modify the Windows Boot Configuration Database 
   (BCD)
 • Formerly boot.ini
 • Recovery Console: bootrec /rebuildbcd

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Startup Repair

Missing NTLDR
The main Windows boot loader is missing
Run Startup Repair or replace manually and reboot
Missing operating system
Boot Configuration Data (BCD) may be incorrect
Run Startup Repair or manually configure BCD store
Boots to Safe Mode
Windows is not starting normally
Run Startup Repair

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Application crashes

Application stops working
May provide an error message
May just disappear
Check the Event Log
Often includes useful reconnaissance
Check the Reliability Monitor
A history of application problems
Checks for resolutions
Reinstall the application
Contact application support

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Bluescreens and spontaneous shutdowns

Startup and shutdown BSOD
Bad hardware, bad drivers, bad application

• Use Last Known Good, System Restore,
or Rollback Driver
• Try Safe mode

Reseat or remove the hardware
If possible
Run hardware diagnostics
Provided by the manufacturer
BIOS may have hardware diagnostics

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Black screen

No login dialog, no desktop
Driver corruption, OS file corruption
Start in VGA mode
F8 for startup options
Run SFC - System File Checker
Run from recovery console
Update driver in Safe Mode
Download from known good source

• Repair/Refresh or recover from backup

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Testing the printer

Print or scan a test page
Built into Windows
Not the application

• Use diagnostic tools
 • Web-based utilities
  • Built into the printer
 • Vendor specific
  • Download from the web 
    site
• Generic
 • Available in LiveCD form

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Starting the system

Device not starting
Check Device Manager and Event Viewer
Often a bad driver
Remove or replace driver
“One or more services failed to start”
Bad/incorrect driver, bad hardware
Try starting manually
Check account permissions
Confirm service dependencies
Windows service; check system files

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Slow boot

Boot process hangs or takes longer than normal
No activity, no drive lights
Manage the startup apps
Control what loads during the boot process
Task Manager
Startup tab
Startup impact, Right-click / Disable
Disable everything
Load them back one at a time

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Slow profile load

Roaming user profile
Your desktop follows you to any computer
Changes are synchronized

• Network latency to the domain controller
• Slows login script transfers
• Slow to apply computer and user policies
• May require many hundreds (or thousands) of LDAP
queries

• Client workstation picks a remote domain controller
instead of local DC
• Problems with local infrastructure

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Which of the following tools in Windows provide access to real-time performance data on CPU, RAM, hard drive, and network interface utilization?

Performance Monitor

Resource Monitor

Task Manager

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Which of the following adversely affect performance of a magnetic hard drive?

Insufficient amount of RAM

Excessive paging / disk thrashing

File fragmentation

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If personal files, such as email, documents, or photos are lost or deleted, Windows System Restore can be used to recover such files.

False

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Which of the following would resolve problems related to excessive paging and disk thrashing?

Adding more RAM

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Which of the following addresses can be pinged to test the functionality of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

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localhost

::1

127.0.0.1

While trying to start their Windows machine, a user receives “Windows Boot Configuration Data file is missing required information” error message. Which of the following bootrec options should be used by a technician for manual CLI troubleshooting of this error?

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bootrec /rebuildbcd

Which of the following answers describe(s) possible cause(s) of the “Missing operating system” error message displayed during system boot?

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Damaged hard drive

BIOS does not detect the hard drive

System partition not set as active

Corrupt Master Boot Record (MBR)

Which of the following would be the easiest step to troubleshoot the Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) in MS Windows?

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System restart

Common causes for a black/blank PC screen include

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Monitor connectivity issues
Video adapter driver updates
Recent updates or installations

Which of the following Windows utilities provides access to print spooler settings?

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Services (services.msc)

Which of the following answers refers to a common solution for troubleshooting user login problems on a Windows domain?

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Rebuilding Windows profiles

Reconstructing Windows profiles

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Login to the computer with the user account
The profile will be rebuilt
This will recreate the \Users\name folder
Login as Domain Administrator
Copy over any important files from the old profile
Do not copy the entire profile
Corrupted files might exist in the old profile

Safe Mode - Windows 7 and 8/8.1

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Press F8 on boot
Advanced Boot Options
Safe Mode
Only the necessary drivers to get started
Safe Mode with Networking
Includes drivers for network connectivity
Safe Mode with Command Prompt
No Windows Explorer – quick and dirty
Enable low-resolution (VGA Mode)
Recover from bad video driver installations

Safe Mode - Windows 10

* F8 probably won’t work * Windows Fast Startup prevents a complete shutdown ``` • From the Windows desktop • Hold down shift when clicking Restart • Settings / Update & Security / Recovery / Advanced startup / Restart now • System Configuration (msconfig) ```

Deleting Windows profiles

* Login to the computer with Domain Administrator rights * Rename the \Users\name folder * This will save important files ``` • Backup the user’s registry • HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\ CurrentVersion\ProfileList • Right-click / Export • Delete the registry entry - You have a backup • Restart the computer ```

Troubleshooting Windows Flashcards

(26 cards)