u8

Question 1

Tehran Conference

Answer 1

Iran Nov 1943; Soviets freed East

Question 2

Yalta Conference

Answer 2

plans to reconstruct Eastern Europe and defeat Japan

Question 3

Potsdam Conference

Answer 3

final meeting July 1945 in Germany; free elections desired by Soviets

Question 4

Cold War

Answer 4

conflict without direct military confrontation

Question 5

Military-industrial complex

Answer 5

informal alliance between government and defense contractors

Question 6

Satellite countries

Answer 6

small states dependent on a larger nation

Question 7

Containment

Answer 7

George Kennan’s idea to stop the spread of communism

Question 8

Truman Doctrine

Answer 8

statement that the U.S. would do what was needed to stop communist influence in Greece and Turkey

Question 9

Marshall Plan

Answer 9

June 1947; $12 billion in aid to Europe

Question 10

Sputnik

Answer 10

Soviet first artificial satellite

Question 11

NATO

Answer 11

April 1949 organization to coordinate defense against the Soviets

Question 12

Warsaw Pact

Answer 12

1955 Soviet response to NATO

Question 13

Communist bloc

Answer 13

Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, USSR

Question 14

Domino Theory

Answer 14

idea that if one country in a region turned communist

Question 15

Bay of Pigs

Answer 15

failed U.S. invasion of Cuba in 1961

Question 16

Great Leap Forward

Answer 16

1958 Chinese policy organizing peasant lands into communes

Question 17

Red Guards

Answer 17

groups of revolutionary students ordered by Mao to shut down schools and enforce reeducation

Question 18

White Revolution

Answer 18

Shah of Iran’s progressive reforms without bloodshed

Question 19

Muslim League

Answer 19

advocated a separate nation for Indian Muslims

Question 20

Organization of African Unity

Answer 20

1963; founded by Kwame Nkrumah

Question 21

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 21

communist leader of North Vietnam

Question 22

Viet Cong

Answer 22

South Vietnamese supporting the communists using guerrilla warfare against the USA

Question 23

Suez Crisis

Answer 23

1956 failed Britain, France, and Israel intervention to seize the Suez Canal from Egypt

Question 24

Cuban Revolution

Answer 24

1965 political and cultural change creating a modern welfare state

Question 25

Six-Day War

Answer 25

1967 war in which Israel gained Gaza StripWest Bank, and East Jerusalem

Question 26

Yom Kippur War

Answer 26

1973 war where Israel repelled Syria and Egypt invasion

Question 27

Camp David Accords

Answer 27

U.S.-brokered peace agreement between Israel and Egypt

Question 28

PLO

Answer 28

Palestinian Liberation Organization seeking return of occupied land and independent Palestine

Question 29

Khmer Rouge

Answer 29

communist guerrilla organization that overthrew Cambodia and imposed communism

Question 30

Kashmir

Answer 30

border region between India and Pakistan; area of conflict and tension

Question 31

Prague Spring

Answer 31

period of reform in Czechoslovakia beginning January 5

Question 32

Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 32

policy stating the USSR and allies would intervene if communism in a member country was threatened

Question 33

Irish Republican Army

Answer 33

Catholic force in the Catholic–Protestant conflict in Northern Ireland

Question 34

Ulster Defense Association

Answer 34

Protestant force in Northern Ireland

Question 35

Shining Path

Answer 35

Peruvian revolutionary organization based on ideas of Mao and the Khmer Rouge

Question 36

Détente

Answer 36

relaxation of strained tensions between nations

Question 37

SALT

Answer 37

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty between U.S. and USSR to freeze number of ICBMs

Question 38

SDI

Answer 38

Strategic Defense Initiative created by Ronald Reagan; missile defense program to destroy Soviet missiles targeting U.S. cities

Question 39

Perestroika

Answer 39

attempt to restructure the Soviet economy to allow free enterprise alongside reforms

Question 40

Glasnost

Answer 40

policy of opening up Soviet society and political process by granting greater freedom