Digital
+/- 1 of smallest unit shown
Analog (scale, graduated cylinder)
+/- 5 of estimated digit (ex: cyl has 1 mL ticks, est to .1 mL, uncert of +/- .5 mL)
Absolute uncertainty
numerical value of error
Relative uncertainty
percent error (comparison between absolute error and measurement
Human reaction time
.3 seconds
Error analysis
(value-accepted value)/accepted value (% diff from “real” science)
Absolute uncertainty (calc)
(highest possible value-lowest possible value)/2
Uncertainty when adding/subtracting
Add absolute uncertainties
Uncertainty when multiplying/dividing
Add relative uncertainties, apply to answer