Unit 1.1

Question 1

Define hydroxyl group.

Answer 1

A functional group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-OH).

Question 2

What is the carbonyl group?

Answer 2

A functional group with a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O).

Question 3

True or false: The carboxyl group is acidic.

Answer 3

TRUE

The carboxyl group (-COOH) can donate a proton, making it acidic.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The amino group is represented as _______.

Answer 4

–NH2

Question 5

Define sulfhydryl group.

Answer 5

A functional group containing a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-SH).

Question 6

What is the phosphate group?

Answer 6

A functional group consisting of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms (–PO4).

Question 7

Fill in the blank: The methyl group is represented as _______.

Answer 7

-CH3

Question 8

True or false: The phosphate group is involved in energy transfer.

Answer 8

TRUE

Phosphate groups are key components of ATP, the energy currency of cells.

Question 9

What is the role of the amino group in proteins?

Answer 9

It acts as a base, accepting protons and forming amino acids.

Question 10

Define functional groups in organic chemistry.

Answer 10

Specific groups of atoms that determine the chemical properties of molecules.