Unit 1.2

Question 1

law of conservation of mass

Answer 1

-mass cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 2

what law did Lavesier make?

Answer 2

law of conservation of mass

Question 3

law of definite proportion

Answer 3

-a given compound contains the same proportion of elements by mass

Question 4

what law did Proust make?

Answer 4

law of definite proportion

Question 5

law of multiple proportions

Answer 5

-compounds can always be reduced down to small, whole number rations

Question 6

what law did Dalton make?

Answer 6

law of multiple proportions

Question 7

how many parts go Dalton’s atomic theory?

Answer 7

4

Question 8

part 1 of Dalton’s atomic theory (parts of an element)

Answer 8

-each element is and up of tiny particles called atoms

Question 9

part 2 of Dalton’s atomic theory (atoms of a given element)

Answer 9

-atoms of a given element are identical, but different from the atoms of another element

Question 10

part 3 of Dalton’s atomic theory (compounds)

Answer 10

-compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine, and a given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms

Question 11

part 4 of Dalton’s atomic theory (chemical reactions)

Answer 11

-chemical reactions involve reorganization of atoms but the atoms are not changed in the reaction

Question 12

3 early models used to characterize the atom

Answer 12

Thomson, Millikan, Rutherford

Question 13

Thomson Model

Answer 13

-cathode - ray tube experiment
-“plum pudding” model
-charge to mass ratio of an electron

Question 14

Millikan model

Answer 14

-oil drop experiment
-mass of electron
-piggy backed Thomson

Question 15

Rutherford mod

Answer 15

-gold foil experiment
-nuclear model of atom

Question 16

largest number is always the

Answer 16

mass number

Question 17

isotopes

Answer 17

same element, same number of protons, different number of neutrons = different masses

Question 18

how to calculate weighted average

Answer 18

(# amu)x(% as a decimal) + …

Question 19

after calculating each individual isotope mass in a weighted average use sig figs to…

Answer 19

round to the lowest sig fig number (multiplication)

Question 20

after adding all the isotope masses together in a weighted average, use sig figs to…

Answer 20

round to the least decimal

Question 21

while calculating my for a weighted average, what should be done?

Answer 21

-keep all units
-write it all out
-round/use sig figs/decimal places appropriately

Question 22

are metals positively or negatively charged?

Answer 22

positively

Question 23

are non metals positively or negatively charged?

Answer 23

negatively

Question 24

list the 7 diatomic molecules

Answer 24

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

Question 25

specific rules for naming non metal compounds

Answer 25

-do NOT make neutral compounds -use prefixes

Question 26

specific rules for naming binary salt compounds

Answer 26

-make neutral compound

Question 27

specific rules for naming transition metal compounds

Answer 27

-make neutral -use roman numerals

Question 28

specific rules for naming polyatomic compounds

Answer 28

-make neutral -use yellow sheet -remember ()’s

Question 29

specific rules for naming binary acids

Answer 29

-hydro soemthing ic acid -HCl (aq)

Question 30

specific rules for naming oxyacids

Answer 30

-ate to -ic -ite to -ous

Question 31

specific rules for naming acid salts

Answer 31

-metal + #H + polyatomic ion

Question 32

HF(aq)

Answer 32

hydrofluoric acid

Question 33

HCl(aq)

Answer 33

hydrochloric acid

Question 34

HBr(aq)

Answer 34

hydrobromic acid

Question 35

HI(aq)

Answer 35

hydroiodic acid

Question 36

H2S(aq)

Answer 36

hydrosulfuric acid

Question 37

vertical columns on periodic table are

Answer 37

groups or families

Question 38

horizontal rows on periodic table are

Answer 38

periods

Question 39

group 1 on PT is…

Answer 39

alkali metal

Question 40

group 2 on PT is

Answer 40

alkaline earth metals

Question 41

middle section of PT is

Answer 41

transition metals

Question 42

halogens are group

Answer 42

7 or second from right

Question 43

nobel gases are group

Answer 43

last group, 8

Question 44

atom vs ion

Answer 44

atom is neutral, ion is charged