UNIT 2

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Function is motor movement and memory

Lack has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease

Question 2

Agonists

Answer 2

Drugs that mimic the actions of a neurotransmitters or hormone to produce a response when it binds to a specific receptor in the brain.

Question 3

The all-or-none response

Answer 3

Neurons will either transmit an impulse over the synapse to the next neuron completely or not at all.

Question 4

What is the Amygdala?

Answer 4

Involved in how we process memory

EMOTIONS

Question 5

What are Axons?

Answer 5

Passes messages away from the cell body to the other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Question 6

What is Broca’s Area?

Answer 6

Responsible for controlling muscles that produce speech.

Question 7

What is the Cerebellum?

Answer 7

• Bottom rear of the brain
• Coordinates fine muscle movement

Question 8

What is the Circadian Rhythm?

Answer 8

• our 24 hour biological clock
• body temp and awareness changes throughout the day
• it is best to take a test or study during your circadian peaks

Question 9

What are Delta Waves?

Answer 9

• The slowest recorded brain waves in human beings
• DEEP sleep

Question 10

What are Dendrites?

Answer 10

Receive messages from other cells

Question 11

What is Dopamine?

Answer 11

• motor movement and alertness
• neurotransmitter that plays a role in hormones
• lack of it leads to Parkinson’s disease

Question 12

What are Dreams?

Answer 12

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind

Question 13

What are Endorphins?

Answer 13

• deals with pain and stress control
• we become addicted to endorphin causing feelings

Question 14

What is the Hippocampus?

Answer 14

Involved in the processing and storage of memories

Question 15

What are hormones?

Answer 15

Chemical messengers that coordinate different functions in your body.

Question 16

What is Insomnia?

Answer 16

• Recurring problems with falling or staying asleep
• not your once in a while having trouble getting to sleep episodes
• IS NOT defined by the number of hours you sleep every night

Question 17

What does it mean when someone has Latent Content of Dreams?

Answer 17

• The underlying meaning of a dream
• example: falling in a dream
  ~ latent content: feeling out of control in your life or failing at something

Question 18

What is Lateralization?

Answer 18

A functional dominance of one hemisphere over the other, in which one is more responsible or entirely responsible for control of a function in comparison to the other.

Question 19

What does it mean when someone had Manifest Content of Dreams?

Answer 19

They remembered the storyline of a dream.

Question 20

What is Myelin Sheath?

Answer 20

• covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
• deterioration may cause Multiple Sclerosis

Question 21

What is Narcolepsy?

Answer 21

• uncontrollable sleep attacks
• lapses directly into REM sleep (usually during times of stress or joy)

Question 22

What are Neurotransmitters?

Answer 22

• Chemical messengers released by terminal buttons through the synapse
• transmit messages between neurons, or from neurons to muscles

Question 23

What are Night Terrors?

Answer 23

• high arousal (evoke or awaken a feeling, emotion, or response) and appearance of being terrified
• occur in stage 4, not REM, and are not often remembered

Question 24

What is the Occipital Lobe?

Answer 24

VISION

Question 25

What is the Parietal Lobe?

Answer 25

- Contains sensory cortex: receives incoming touch sensations from the rest of the body

Question 26

What is the Pituitary Gland?

Answer 26

- “the master gland” - produces hormones that regulate other glands such as the thyroid - GROWTH

Question 27

What is (Brain) Plasticity?

Answer 27

- The idea that the brain, when damaged, will attempt to find new ways to reroute messages - Brain shapes itself if a part of it is taken out

Question 28

What is REM sleep?

Answer 28

REM: Rapid Eye Movement - active stage of sleep - composes 20-25% of a normal nights sleep - breathing, heart rate and brain wave activity quicken - vivid dreams can occur - from REM, you go back to stage 2

Question 29

What is Serotonin?

Answer 29

- deals with mood control - lack of it has led to depression

Question 30

What is Sleep Apnea?

Answer 30

- temporary cessation’s (process of ending something) of breathing during sleep and consequent momentary reawakenings

Question 31

What is the Sleep Cycle?

Answer 31

- Five stages - takes 90-100 minutes to pass through the five stages - brains waves will change according to the sleep stage you are in - first 4 stages and known as NREM (non-rem) sleep - 5th stage is called REM sleep

Question 32

What is the Sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 32

- A network of nerves that helps your body activate its “fight-or-flight” response - systems activity increases when you’re stressed, in danger or physically active

Question 33

What is the Synapse?

Answer 33

- the space between two neurons - neurons NEVER touch each other

Question 34

What is the Temporal Lobe?

Answer 34

- Process sound sensed by our ears - HEARING

Question 35

What is the Thalamus?

Answer 35

- switchboard of the brain - receives sensory signals from the spinal cord and sends them to other parts of the forebrain - every sense EXCEPT smell

Question 36

What is Wernicke’s Area?

Answer 36

Interprets written AND spoken speech