unit 4 phys

Question 2

Skeleton including skull, chest, and vertabral column

Answer 2

Axial Skeleton

Question 3

Skeleton including arms, legs, and hip

Answer 3

Appendicular Skeleton

Question 4

4 types of hylaine cartilage in body

Answer 4

Costal, Articular, Respitory, Nasal

Question 5

Where costal hylaine cartilage can be found

Answer 5

Ribs

Question 6

Where articular hylaine cartilage can be found

Answer 6

surface of bones in synovial joints

Question 7

Why is articular cartilage in joints

Answer 7

it lessens friction and acts as a cushion

Question 8

Where fibrocartilage is used to hold together a joint

Answer 8

Synthesis

Question 9

3 examples of synthesis

Answer 9

Vertebral Disks, pubic synthesis, meniscus in knee

Question 10

4 main classifications of bone

Answer 10

Flat, Short, Long, Irregular

Question 11

Type of bone on the outside of bone

Answer 11

Compact

Question 12

Type of bone on the inside of bone

Answer 12

Spongey

Question 13

Why do bones have two kinds of material in them

Answer 13

It makes it structurally sound while still being light

Question 14

Mesh like network in spongey bone

Answer 14

Trabeculae

Question 15

End of a long bone

Answer 15

Epiphyses

Question 16

Long middle part of a long bone

Answer 16

Diaphyses

Question 17

Border between epiphyses and diaphysis

Answer 17

Epiphysial line

Question 18

Part of bone that grows during childhood and puberty

Answer 18

Epiphyseal plate

Question 19

Two kinds of bone in an epiphyses

Answer 19

Spongy and compact

Question 20

Two parts of bone in diaphysis

Answer 20

Compact and marrow

Question 21

The two fibrous membranes in bones

Answer 21

Periosteum and Endosteum

Question 22

Fibrous membrane surrounding bones

Answer 22

Periosteum

Question 23

What periosteum connects to

Answer 23

Tendons and Ligaments

Question 24

Bone stem cells

Answer 24

Osteogenic cells

Question 25

Fibrous membrane on the inside surface of the bone

Answer 25

Endosteum

Question 26

Where is red bone marrow found

Answer 26

Epiphyses and spongy bone

Question 27

Red bone marrow contains what kind of cells

Answer 27

Hematopoietic Stem cells

Question 28

Cells that give rise to other blood cells

Answer 28

Hematopoietic

Question 29

Where is yellow Bone marrow found

Answer 29

Diaphysis

Question 30

What is the purpose of yellow bone marrow

Answer 30

Fat and Nutrient storage

Question 31

Is bone static

Answer 31

No

Question 32

Large circular structure in compact bone

Answer 32

Osteon

Question 33

Small section of blood vessels in Osteon

Answer 33

Central canal

Question 34

The different "circles" in an osteon

Answer 34

Lamaelae

Question 35

The "lines" radiating out from central canal

Answer 35

Caniculi

Question 36

4 different cells in bone

Answer 36

Osteogenic, Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Bone lining cells, osteoclasts

Question 37

How much of bone is organic material

Answer 37

36894

Question 38

Organic matter in bone gives resistance to

Answer 38

Tension

Question 39

Inorganic matter in bone gives resistance to

Answer 39

Compression

Question 40

The process of turning tissue into bone

Answer 40

Ossification

Question 41

A fetus first makes a skeleton out of

Answer 41

Hylaine cartilage and a fibrous membrane

Question 42

Why is a fetus bones made out of cartilage and mebrane

Answer 42

Makes birth easier (its flexible) and the mother cannot possibly get that much calcium but can get that much protein

Question 43

What is a fetus's initial skeleton made from

Answer 43

Protein

Question 44

How most bones below the skull form

Answer 44

Endochondral ossification

Question 45

In a long bone, where does ossification start first

Answer 45

Diaphysis

Question 46

2 places cartilage is in a long bone

Answer 46

Epiphyseal plate and Articular cartilage

Question 47

How long does someone have Articular Cartilage

Answer 47

Whole life

Question 48

How long does someone have Epiphyseal Cartilage

Answer 48

Gone by late teens

Question 49

The process of making bone from hylaine cartilage

Answer 49

Endochondral ossification

Question 50

The process of making bone from fibrous membrane

Answer 50

Intermembranous ossification

Question 51

Where does intermambranous ossification occur

Answer 51

Flat bones

Question 52

Bones getting longer

Answer 52

Interstitial

Question 53

Interstitial growth needs what to occur

Answer 53

Epiphyseal plate

Question 54

5 zones in interstitial growth

Answer 54

Resting, Proliferation, Hypertrophic, Calcification, Ossificiation

Question 55

What occurs in the resting zone

Answer 55

nothing

Question 56

What occurs in the proliferation zone

Answer 56

cells divide, one migrates one stays

Question 57

What occurs in the Hypertrophic zone

Answer 57

Individual cells enlarge

Question 58

What occurs in the Calcification zone

Answer 58

Cells become minerals

Question 59

What occurs in the Ossification zone

Answer 59

Cells form new bone

Question 60

Hormone stimulating cell divison

Answer 60

Growth Horemone

Question 61

Most important Bone Growth horemone in infancy and childhood

Answer 61

Growth Hormone

Question 62

4 horemones that cause bone growth

Answer 62

Estrogen, testosterone, Growth horemone, Thyroid horemone

Question 63

How much bone mass is recyled per week- 5-7%

Question 64

Two kinds of bone homeostasis

Answer 64

Bone remodeling and Bone repair

Question 65

Two parts of bone remodeling

Answer 65

Deposit and Resorption

Question 66

What stimulates the parathyroid gland to send Parathyroid horemone

Answer 66

Low blood calcium levels

Question 67

what cells do parathyroid horemone activate

Answer 67

osetoclasts

Question 68

Do bones respond to stress

Answer 68

Yes

Question 69

Bone density being lost to a severe degree

Answer 69

Osteoperosis

Question 70

3 identities that increase risk for osteoperosis

Answer 70

Old White Female

Question 71

3 either/or fracture classifications

Answer 71

Nondisplaced/displaced, Complete/ incomplete, Open/closed

Question 72

A complete fracture will be

Answer 72

Broken all the way through

Question 73

An incomplete fracture will be

Answer 73

Not broken all the way through

Question 74

A displaced fracture will have the bone

Answer 74

have its ends out of norma alignment

Question 75

An indisplaced fracture will have the bone

Answer 75

Have its ends in normal alignment

Question 76

A closed fracture will

Answer 76

Not puncture the skin

Question 77

An open fracture will

Answer 77

Puncture the skin

Question 78

What is the cause of the following fracture: Communited

Answer 78

COmpression

Question 79

What is the cause of the following fracture: Compression

Question 80

How will a compression fracture's pieces be

Answer 80

Very small

Question 81

How will a comunited fracture's pieces be

Answer 81

Large and longer

Question 82

What kind of bones does a spiral fracture occur in

Answer 82

Long

Question 83

What is the cause of the following fracture: Spiral

Answer 83

Excessive twisting force

Question 84

What is an epiphyseal fracture

Answer 84

Seperation of epiphyseal plate

Question 85

What is unique about epiphyseal fractures

Answer 85

Only occur in children

Question 86

Where do depression fractures occur

Answer 86

Skull

Question 87

Why do greenstick fractures mainly occur in children

Answer 87

Their bones are more stretchy, mde of more protein

Question 88

What is a hematoma

Answer 88

Big swollen clot around break site

Question 89

4 steps of bone repair

Answer 89

Hematoma forms, A fibrocartilage callous forms, bony callous forms, bone is remodeled