UNIT 6

Question 1

Periodicity

Answer 1

tendency to recur at regular intervals (ex: season, class schedules, moon phases)

Question 2

Electron Shielding

Answer 2

blocking of valence shell electron attraction by the nucleus due to the presence of inner-shell electrons

Question 3

Periodic Law

Answer 3

physical and chemical properties of the elements recur in a systematic and predictable way when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic #

Question 4

METALS

Answer 4

one of 3 main category of periodic table. Good conductors of heat & electricity, ductile, malleable, shiny

Question 5

NONMETALS

Answer 5

one of 3 main category of periodic table. not ductile or malleable, solid nonmetals are brittle, dull, many of them are gases

Question 6

METALLOIDS

Answer 6

one of 3 main category of periodic table. has properties of both metals nonmetals, shiny/dull, conducts heat and electricity better than nonmetals but not as well as metals, ductile and malleable (not as well as metals)

Question 7

ALKALI METALS

Answer 7

Group 1a
reacts with water to make alkaline solutions
very reactive due to 1 VE

Question 8

ALKALINE EARTH METALS

Answer 8

Group 2a
2 VE
Reacts with halogens to form halides

Question 9

TRANSITION METALS

Answer 9

GROUPS 3-12
D-BLOCK
VE PRESENT IN +1 SHELL

Question 10

HALOGENS

Answer 10

GROUP 17/7A
FORMS DALTS
7 VE
REACTIVE & NONMETALLIC

Question 11

NOBLE GASES

Answer 11

gROUP 8A/18
FULL OCTET
LOW REACTIVITY
VERY STABLE

Question 12

INNER CORE ELECTRONS

Answer 12

ELECTRONS NOT ON THE LAST SHELL

Question 13

VALENCE ELECTRONS

Answer 13

ELECTRONS ON OUTERMOST SHELL

Question 14

ATOMIC RADIUS

Answer 14

SIZE OF ATOM- MEASURED FROM NUCLEUS TO VE (MEAUSRED IN PM 10^-12 M)

Question 15

IONIC RADIUS

Answer 15

SIZE OF ION, MEASURED FROM NUCLEUS TO VE

Question 16

IONIZATION ENERGY

Answer 16

amt of energy needed to remove an electron in gaseous state

Question 17

IONS

Answer 17

atom/group of atoms with positive/negative charge

Question 18

CATIONS

Answer 18

positive ions; loss of electron
metals form cations

Question 19

ANIONS

Answer 19

negative ions; gain electrons
nonmetals form anions

Question 20

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Answer 20

ability of atom in compound to attract electrons

Question 21

with periodic table be able to identify: Atomic Mass, Mass #, Atomic #, # of protons, # electrons, # of neutrons, Bohr Diagram, Lewis DOt Diagram, and what family it belongs to

Answer 21

you’ve gyatt this

Question 22

History of the periodic table (i.e. who created it, how were the elements grouped, why was it a good model, etc.)

Answer 22

Dmitri Mendeleev
Grouped by atomic mass
the groups has similar chem properties
periods contained 8 elements
good model bc it predicted unknown elements and their properties

Question 23

How is today’s modern periodic table arranged?

Answer 23

arranged by increasing atomic number; divided into 3 main categories

Question 24

metal properties

Answer 24

good conductors of heat and electricity
shiny
ductile
malleable

Question 25

nonmetal properties

Answer 25

poor conductors of heat and electricity not ductile/malleable dull many are gasses solid are brittle

Question 26

metalloid properties

Answer 26

properties of both metals and nonmetals shiny/dull conducts heat and electrcity (nonmetals < metalloids < metals) ductile & malleable (not as well as metals)

Question 27

If given a periodic table, be able to determine where each of the following families are located: Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, Halogens, Noble gases, Transition metals, Inner transition metals

Answer 27

you gyatt this

Question 28

Describe AND Draw the shielding Effect.

Answer 28

blocking of VE attraction by nucleus due to inner shell electrons

Question 29

Why is Electron Shielding important in determining trends in the periodic table?

Question 30

How is atomic radius measured? (And what units do we use to measure atomic radius?)

Answer 30

distance from nucleus to VE (pm; picometers)

Question 31

What does atomic radius determine?

Answer 31

size of atom

Question 32

What is the periodic trend for atomic radius

Answer 32

decreases

Question 33

What is the group trend for atomic radius?

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

What is Ionization Energy?

Answer 34

amt of energy required to remove electron from atom in gas state

Question 35

What is the periodic trend for ionization energy?

Answer 35

increases

Question 36

What is the group trend for ionization energy?

Answer 36

decreases

Question 37

What is Electronegativity?

Answer 37

ability of atom in compound to attract electrons

Question 38

What is the periodic trend for electronegativity?

Answer 38

increase

Question 39

What is the group trend for electronegativity?

Answer 39

decrease

Question 40

What are Ions?

Answer 40

atom/group of atoms with positive/negative charge

Question 41

What is a cation? Which elements tend to form cations?

Answer 41

positive ion; loses electrons metals

Question 42

What is an anion? Which elements tend to form anions?

Answer 42

negative ion; gains electrons nonmetals

Question 43

How does the size of a cation compare with the size of a neutral atom?

Answer 43

smaller

Question 44

How does the size of an anion compare with the size of a neutral atom?

Answer 44

bigger