Unit one test

Question 1

Law

Answer 1

Broad concept or principle that describes patterns in nature and is often interpreted as fact

Question 2

Theory

Answer 2

An explanation of observed phenomena
Orginizes facts and research from scientific data to explain why
Never becomes a fact or law

Question 3

Matter

Answer 3

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

The smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element

Question 5

Cell

Answer 5

The most basic unit of life

Question 6

Surface tension

Answer 6

Measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface if a liquid or resist an external force

Question 7

Macromolecules

Answer 7

Large organic molecules that make up all living things

Question 8

List the six elements necessary and three molecules that contain some of them

Answer 8

Elements: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur
Molecules: Water Nucleic acid Lipids

Question 9

Polar molecules

Answer 9

Molecule with an unequal distribution of charges
Has a more positive and a more negative side
Dissolves in water
Example: Water

Question 10

Nonpolar molecules

Answer 10

No separation of charges so no positive and negative poles are formed
Does not dissolve in water
Example:lipids

Question 11

What makes water the universal solvent

Answer 11

Water is good at dissolving things because of its polarity.

Question 12

Cohesion

Answer 12

The attraction between molecules of the same substance

Question 13

Adhesion

Answer 13

The type of attraction between 2 different molecules, it forms stronger bonds than cohesion

Question 14

High Specific Heat

Answer 14

The fact that the temperature of water does not change easily because it absorbs more heat compared to other compounds.
This helps to regulate self temperature in organisms Because temperature does not fluctuate very much organisms can live in it.

Question 15

What makes water less dense as a solid

Answer 15

Water is less dense as a solid because it expands as it freezes
This is why ice floats in it and what allows life to live under ice

Question 16

Monomers and polymers of Lipids

Answer 16

Monomer of Lipids: Fatty acid
Polymer of Lipids: Triglyceride

Question 17

Monomers and polymers of Carbohydrates

Answer 17

Monomer of Carbohydrates: Monosaccharide
Polymer of Carbohydrates: Polysaccharide

Question 18

Monomers and polymers of Proteins

Answer 18

Monomer of Proteins: Amino acids
Polymer of Proteins: Polypeptide

Question 19

Monomers and polymers of Nucleic Acids

Answer 19

Monomer of Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides
Polymer of Nucleic Acids: Polynucleotide

Question 20

Major functions of Carbohydrates

Answer 20

Are mainly used for short term energy storage but also structure transport and signaling

Question 21

Major functions of Lipids

Answer 21

Are mainly used for Long term energy storage but also insolation protection and structure

Question 22

Major functions of Proteins

Answer 22

Mainly used for almost everything so have no clear purpose. They can be used for energy but are a last resort.

Question 23

Major functions of Nucleic Acids

Answer 23

Mainly used for transmitting, storing and expressing our genetic information which contains instructions for making proteins.