Upper Limb: Shoulder

Question 1

What are the x6 shoulder muscles and how are they split?

Answer 1

extrinsic:
- deltoid
- teres major

rotator cuff:
- supraspinatous
- infraspinatous
- subscapularis
- teres minor

Question 2

What is the origin/insertion of supraspinatus?

Answer 2

medial 1/3 supraspinatus fossa of scapula
to
greater tuberosity of humerus

Question 3

what is nerve supply of supraspinatus?

Answer 3

suprascapular nerve

Question 4

what is the action of the supraspinatus?

Answer 4

shoulder abduction
braces head of humeral head to glenoid cavity

Question 5

what is the origin/insertion of the infraspinatus?

Answer 5

infraspinatus fossa of scapula
to
greater tuberosity of humerus

Question 6

what is the nerve supply of the infraspinatus?

Answer 6

suprascapular nerve

Question 7

what is the route of the suprascapular nerve after supplying the supraspinatus muscle?

Answer 7

passes lateral border of scapula and gives x2 branches to infraspinatus

Question 8

what is the action of the infraspinatus?

Answer 8

lateral rotation of arm

Question 9

what does the infraspinatus fascia encapsulate?

Answer 9

infraspinatus
teres minor

Question 10

what is the clinical relevance of the infraspinatus fascia?

Answer 10

if # of scapula blade
haematoma confined to margins of bone = diagnostic

Question 11

what is the origin/insertion of teres minor?

Answer 11

posterior surface of scapula
to
greater tuberosity of humerus

Question 12

What nerve supplies teres minor?

Answer 12

axillary nerve

Question 13

what are the x3 actions of teres minor?

Answer 13

lateral rotation of arm
weak adductor of humerus
opposes abduction of deltoid

Question 14

what is the origin/insertion of subcapularis?

Answer 14

costal surface of scapula
to
lesser tuberosity of humerus

Question 15

what nerve supplies subscapularis?

Answer 15

upper and lower subscapular nerve

Question 16

what is the action of the subscapularis?

Answer 16

medially rotates arm

Question 17

What is the origin/insertion of deltoid?

Answer 17

anterior + lateral 1/3 clavicle
to
deltoid tuberosity of humerus (lateral)

Question 18

what nerve supplies the deltoid?

Answer 18

axillary

Question 19

what are the x3 actions of the deltoid?

Answer 19

• abductor of arm
  flexion + medial rotation of arm
  extension + lateral rotation of arm

Question 20

what does the deltoid work with for flexion and medial rotation of arm?

Answer 20

pec major

Question 20

what does deltoid work with for abduction of arm?

Answer 20

supraspinatus
- takes over after 15 degrees

Question 21

what does the deltoid work with for extension and lateral rotation of arm?

Answer 21

lat dorsi

Question 22

what is the origin/insertion of teres major?

Answer 22

inferior angle of scapula
to
medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 23

what nerve supplies the teres major?

Answer 23

lower scapular nerve

Question 24

what is the actions of teres major?

Answer 24

adducts and extends shoulder medially rotates arm

Question 25

what is the scapular anastomosis?

Answer 25

network of blood vessels connecting 1st part of subclavian and 3rd part of axillary

Question 26

what blood vessels are involved in scapular anastomosis?

Answer 26

Some Anatomosts Prefer DeepStudies suprascapular acromial (thoracoacromial) posterior circumflex (+ anterior) dorsal scapular

Question 27

What is type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 27

synovial ball and socket

Question 28

what is the glenohumeral joint an articulation of?

Answer 28

glenoid fossa of scapula head of humerus

Question 29

what is the glenoid fossa deepened with?

Answer 29

fibrocartilage rim aka glenoid labrum

Question 30

what is the glenoid labrum attached to?

Answer 30

scapula + anatomical head of humerus

Question 31

what does the glenoid labrum bridge and with what?

Answer 31

bridges gap between greater and lesser tuberosities with transverse humeral ligament

Question 32

what lines the glenoid labrum and where does it invest in?

Answer 32

synovical membrane invests into long head of biceps brachii

Question 33

what are the x4 ligaments which stabilise the glenohumeral joing?

Answer 33

glenohumeral ligament corocohumeral ligament transverse humeral ligament corocoacromial ligament

Question 34

what are bursa and what are the x2 called in the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 34

synovial filled sac subacromial bursa subscapular bursa

Question 35

how is subscromial bursitis identified?

Answer 35

pain over greater tuberosity of humerus pain then disappears on abduction of arm

Question 36

what is the blood supply to the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 36

anterior and posterior circumflex arteries (axillary) branches of subscapular arteries

Question 37

what is the nerve supply to the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 37

axillary and subscapular nerves