urban environments - spitalfields

Question 1

when did the second wave of huguenots arrive in the UK?

Answer 1

1680s

Question 2

why did the huguenots come to the UK?

Answer 2

they were fleeing religious persecution after king louis XIV had overturned a law protecting their rights in france

Question 3

how were the huguenots welcomed by the settled populations? and why?

Answer 3

• they were welcomed by the middle classes because they were white, protestant and skilled
• but the working class people saw them as a threat to their livelihoods because they believed that the huguenots were undercutting their wages

Question 4

what were the impacts of the huguenots on spitalfields?

Answer 4

• the huguenots brought a new, profitable industry of silk weaving that opened up new markets - 50,000 locals depended on the silk business - the new spitalfields market was a centre for textile trading → this meant there was an economic boom in the area - wealthy huguenots lived in grand houses and were well received by the middle classes. they built huguenot churches which helped the poor and gave support to new arrivals
• by 1700, there were 500 master weavers and 15,000 looms around spitalfields

Question 5

why did the huguenots choose to come to spitalfields specifically?

Answer 5

• there was a building boom at the time which meant that there were empty properties and further space to build on
• there was already a silk weaving industry
• there was a french protestant church nearby

Question 6

what was the law that naturalised huguenots?

Answer 6

1709 protestant naturalisation act

Question 7

who was louis chauvet?

Answer 7

• a wealthy huguenot who arrived

Question 8

what are the penal laws? and how did this impact irish migration?

Question 9

what were the experiences of the irish migrants?

Answer 9

• they weren’t welcomed by the middle classes because they believed the poverty-striken irish would undercut their wages
• their experiences are determined by their religion as they are catholic
• they lived in housing with poor conditions

Question 10

what is a combination?

Answer 10

an early trade union

Question 11

what are the journeymen?

Question 12

what experiences did the jews face?

Question 13

why did the jews arrive in

Question 14

where did the jews work once they arrived in england?

Answer 14

• they worked in sweatshops with terrible conditions and long hours

Question 15

what happened when the jewish migrants striked? why did they strike?

Question 16

why did the new jewish arrivals fail to assimilate?

Question 17

how did the opening of the suez canal impact the migration of lascars to spitalfields?

Question 18

what were the impact of bengali migration to spitalfields?

Question 19

what was the bengali squatters movement?

Question 20

what were the experiences of the first generation of somalis?

Answer 20

• langauage barrier -> no access to education or employment
• they lived in poverty and experienced racism

Question 21

what were the experiences of the second generation of somalis?

Answer 21

• they did better than the first generation and were given access to education and employment
• a mosque opened in …..

Question 22

what were the significance of somali migration to spitalfields?

Answer 22

• helped spitalfields into a centre in london for islam with the building of the mosque and the centre for muslim women