Renal Exam 1 > Urinary Anatomy > Flashcards

Urinary Anatomy Flashcards

(71 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

what are paired urinary organs positioned along the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

kidneys are classified as _________ organs

A
  • retroperitoneal organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the serous membrane that lines the inside of the abdomo-pelvic cavity

A
  • peritoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

urine is conveyed from the kidneys via the _______ where it enters the ________

A
  • ureters

- bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what surrounds the right kidney

A
  • renal fat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what two layers of fat surround the kidneys

which is closer to the kidney

A
  • pararenal and perirenal

- perirenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the two fatty layers surrounding the kidney are separated by

A
  • renal (Gerota’s) fascia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the left kidney lies anterior to ribs

A
  • 11 and 12
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the right kidney lies anterior to ribs

A
  • 12
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

difference between right and left kidney

why

A
  • right kidney is slightly lower than left because of the liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

each kidney is completed invested by a _________

A
  • thin fibrous capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

poles of the kidney

A
  • superior and inferior pole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

medial border of the kidney contains the

A
  • hilum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the hilum is pierced by the

A
  • renal vein
  • renal artery
  • renal pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the branches off the aorta (L1) that supply the kidneys

A
  • renal arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what continues as the ureter conveying urine to the bladder

A
  • renal pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what drains into the IVC

A
  • renal veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is located at the superior pole of the kidney

A
  • adrenal gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the ________ extends into the medullary regions as _______

A
  • renal cortex

- renal columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the outer region of the kidney called

A
  • renal cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the inner region of the kidney called

A
  • renal medulla
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the renal medulla is arranged in __________ with the broad base facing outward and the apex fitting into a cup-shaped ________

A
  • renal pyramids

- minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what do the pyramids of the kidneys contain?

A
  • collecting ducts of the nephrons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the bottom tips of the pyramids called?

A
  • papilla
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the urine passes from the tips of the pyramids into a __________
- minor calyx
26
~ 12 minor calyces merge to form 2-3 _______
- major calyces
27
major calyces combine to form the
- renal pelvis
28
what is the superior portion of the ureter
- renal pelvis
29
5 functional segments of the kidneys
- superior (apical) segment - anterior superior segment - anterior inferior segment - inferior segment - posterior segment
30
each renal artery divides into
- 5 segmental arteries | - they do not anastomose together
31
the segmental arteries are distributed to
- the 5 segments of the kidney
32
segmental arteries give rise to ________ between pyramids
- interlobar arteries
33
interlobar arteries then give rise to the
- arcuate arteries
34
each arcuate artery supplies several _______ that feed into the afferent arteriole that supply the glomeruli
- interlobular arteries
35
__________ is a relatively avascular region of the kidney and can be used by surgeons to gain access to the collection system
- Brodel's bloodless line
36
the __________ triggers vasoconstriction in the kidney, thereby ___________ renal blood flow
- sympathetic nerves | - reducing
37
the sympathetic splanchnic nerves synapse in the ____________ at the base of the renal arteries
- aorticorenal ganglia/renal plexus
38
where do the sympathetic splanchnic nerves origintae
- T10-T-12 spinal cord levels
39
what then innervates the renal vasculature
- post ganglionic sympathetic nerves
40
the kidneys receive ____________ innervation from the vagus nerve
- parasympathetic
41
pain in the flank may be referred from the
- corresponding kidney
42
the ___________ are muscular tubes that convey urine from the kidneys to the _________ through peristaltic action
- ureters | - bladder
43
the __________ (similar to the kidneys) are retroperitoneal structures along their entire course
- ureters
44
the abdominal portion of the ureter descends along the anterior aspect of the ______ muscle where it is crossed by _________ vessels
- psoas muscle | - gonadal vessels
45
the ureter crosses the __________ to enter the pelvis near the bifurcation of the common iliac artery
- pelvic brim
46
the ________ portion of the ureter travels along the lateral pelvic wall and ultimately enters the urinary bladder at the _________-
- pelvic | - uretero-vesical junction
47
which arteries vascularize the abdominal portion of the ureter
- renal - gonadal - aorta - common iliac
48
which arteries vascularize the pelvic portion of the ureters
- internal iliac | - vesical
49
1st constriction site of the ureter
- near the hilum of the kidney (uretero-pelvic junction)
50
2nd constriction site of the ureter
- ureter passes over the iliac vessels
51
3nd constriction site fo the ureter
- ureter traverses the bladder wall (uretero-vesical junction)
52
pain from the ureters from obstruction/distention is conveyed to the spinal cord segments _____-
- T10-L2
53
ureteric pain is usually referred to the _______ quadrant of the body wall and _____ region
- ipsilateral lower quadrant | - groin region
54
obstruction by kidney stones causes _________ of the upper ureter and renal pelvis which leads to
- dilation or stretching | - pain in lower abdomen and groin
55
pain in lower abdomen and groin is called
- renal colic
56
treatment of kidney stones
- hydration - diet control - lithotripsy
57
in renal transplantation the donor kidneys are often placed into the _________ and attached to the ______-
- pelvic area (iliac fossa) | - attached to the external iliac vessels
58
_________ from the donor kidney is sutured into the urinary bladder
- ureter
59
which kidney do surgeons generally procure why
- the left | - the liver isn't in the way
60
___________ is a muscular reservoir for the temporary storage of urine
- urinary bladder
61
when the bladder is full it can extend into the
- abdomen
62
the bladder lies posterior to the _______ and is covered by ________ on its superior surface
- posterior to pubic symphysis | - covered by peritoneum
63
which part of the urinary bladder is near the pubic symphysis
- apex
64
which part of the urinary bladder is near the base or posterior wall
- fundus
65
which part of the urinary bladder is the majority of the bladder
- body
66
which part of the urinary bladder is the inferior narrow portion and least mobile region
- neck
67
the walls of the urinary bladder are made up of
- detrusor muscle
68
smooth muscle fibers under control of the ____________ near the bladder neck form the _________
- under control of the autonomic nervous system | - form the internal urethral sphincter
69
__________ is a skeletal muscle that contraction prevents urination whereas relaxation of the muscle allows urination
- external urethral sphincter
70
the internal surface of the urinary bladder is the marked by the ______ a smooth triangular shaped region
- trigone
71
the corners of the triangle are formed posterolaterally by the slit-like openings of the ___________ and inferiorly by the __________
- right and left ureters | - urethral opening
Renal Exam 1
flashcards
Decks in class (24)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions