Urinary Incontinence

Question 1

definition of urinary incontinence

Answer 1

involuntary leakage of urine

Question 2

when urine is collecting in the bladder what is shut

Answer 2

• the internal urethral sphincter which is under involuntary control
• the external urethral sphincter which is skeletal muscle under voluntary control

Question 3

as the bladder is filling there are

Answer 3

• specialised sense receptors in the bladder wall which sense this filling and send afferent impulses to the level of S2-S3 and to the pointine storage and pointing micturition centre
• This increases the parasympathetic innervation and reduces the sympathetic innervation causing the internal and external urethral sphincters to relax and it also reduces the motor innervation to the external urethral sphincter causing it to relax which is called the micturition reflex

Question 4

the pons is the region of the

Answer 4

brain that is trained to voluntary control urination the pointing stage centre can override the micturition reflex and the pointing micturition centre allows the micturition reflex to occur

Question 5

types of urinary incontinence

Answer 5

1. urge
2. stress
3. overflow
4. mixed

Question 6

urge incontinence

Answer 6

is the sudden urge to urinate followed by immediate involuntary urination caused by an overactive bladder

Question 7

urge incontinece is usually caused by

Answer 7

an uninhibited detrusor muscle which contracts randomly

Question 8

treatment of urge incontinence

Answer 8

avoid caffeine, bladder retraining, anti-muscarinic medication (oxybuticin), neuromodualtion (pacemaker for the bladder0

Question 9

diagnosis of urge incotiennence

Answer 9

urodynamics

Question 10

stress incotinence

Answer 10

urine leaks out when intra-abdominal pressure rises there is NO contraction of the detrusor muscle

Question 11

stress incontinence usually occurs during

Answer 11

coughing, sneezing and laughing

Question 12

stress incontinene is usually caused by

Answer 12

damage to the pelvic floor or the urethra during childbirth

Question 13

stress incontinence diagnosed using

Answer 13

urodynamics

Question 14

classically in stress incontinene

Answer 14

when you press the bladder urine leaks out

Question 15

treatment of stress intoinence

Answer 15

weight loss stop smoking and kegel exercises

Question 16

overflow incontinence

Answer 16

usually caused by a problem with emptying the bladder i.e. any bladder outlet obstruciton

Question 17

in overflow incontinence

Answer 17

urine fills up within the bladder and leaks through the sphincters

Question 18

the leakage o urine in overflow incontiencne causes

Answer 18

a weak or intermittent stream and can cause hesitancy because of the blockage

Question 19

what else can cause urianry inconitiennce by damage nerve s involved with micturition reflex

Answer 19

diabetes, MS, parkinsons, bladder cancer

Question 20

management of overflow incontience

Answer 20

assess kidney function, treat the obstruction and catheterise

Question 21

mixed incontinence is a mixture of

Answer 21

urge and stress incontinencne