Kidney functions?
- maintain chemical consistency of blood
- filter fluid from blood and return water and solutes to bloodstream
- send toxins and excess water out of body
Main waste products of kidneys?
- urea
- uric acid
- creatinine
Purpose of the renal capsule surrounding the kidneys?
- inhibit spread of infection
- maintain shape
- affix it to abdominal wall
Mechanisms of urine production?
- glomerular filtration
- tubular resorption
- tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
filtrate of blood leaves glomerulus and enters uriniferous tubule
Tubular resorption
conservation
-nutrients, water, ions reclaimed
Tubular secretion
elimination
- process of removing undesirable molecules from blood
- 1% removed
Where does urine production occur?
nephrons
Rate of urinary excretion= ?
rate of glomerular filtration + rate of secretion - rate of resorption
The proximal convoluted tubule is involved in _____resorption and secretion
active
The descending nephron loop ….
pumps H2O
The ascending nephron loop…
pumps salts
The distal convoluted tubule is involved in ______ resorption and secretion
selective
What allows ureters to carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
peristaltic contractions and gravity
What prevents the backflow of urine?
oblique entry into bladder
