urinary system

Question 1

kidneys

Answer 1

2 bean-shaped organs on either side of the soine

Question 2

uretera

Answer 2

tubes that take urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 3

urinary bladder

Answer 3

stores bladder

Question 4

urethra

Answer 4

tube that takes urine from the bladder to the outside

Question 5

function of the kidneys

Answer 5

remove metabolic waste (includes urea, ammonia, creatine, and uric acid)
maintains salt balance
maintain the acid-base balance (keep ph 7.4)
secrete hormones (releases renin, erythropoietin)

Question 6

renin

Answer 6

regulated amount of salt

Question 7

erythropoieitn

Answer 7

stimulates RBC productiom

Question 8

how the kidneys work

Question 9

physical exam

Answer 9

color-usually pale yellow
may be colorless (less salts and more water)
pink, red, brown, or cloudy color may be a sign og bleding, infection, trauma to kidney. or liver problems

Question 10

chemical exam

Answer 10

detects various chemicals
can measure pH, glucose, WBC’s, blood, proteins

Question 11

microscopic exam

Answer 11

WBC’s may indicate an infection
crystals may indicate kidney stones or damage

Question 12

renal failure

Answer 12

results when the kidney is damaged usually by diabetes, high blood pressure or infection
Urea or other waste may start building up in the blood and lead to hypertension and heart failure

Question 13

kidney stones

Answer 13

deposits of calcium that build up in the kidneys and can destroy the nephrons and cause pain
prevented by drinking enough water

Question 14

kidney transplant

Answer 14

may be needed to replace a non-functioning one

Question 15

dialysis

Answer 15

blood is filtered of its waste usually by sending it into an artificial kidney machine which removes waste from th eblood