Urinary system consists of…
Ureters
Urethra
Bladder
Ureters (3)
- Duct which carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder
- enter the pelvic cavity from the abdomen by passing through the pelvic inlet
- they are crossed by ductus deferens (in men) and uterine artery (in women)
Bladder position when
- it is full
- it is empty
- when it is full, it extends superiorly into the abdominal cavity
- when it is empty, it is entirely situated in the pelvic cavity
Bladder consists of..
An apex, base, superior surface and two inferolateral surfaces
Apex: toward the top of the pubic symphysis.
Base: ureters enter it and urethra drains from it. Smooth and attaches to the smooth muscle wall.
Inferolateral surfaces: between the two levator ani muscles and the obturator internus
What is the trigone in the bladder ?
Smooth triangular area between the openings of the ureters and urethra inside the bladder
Inferolateral surfaces of the bladder are between…
the two levator ani muscles and the obturator internus
Urethra
Begins at the base of the bladder and ends with an external opening in the perineum
Urethra
-Women (4)
- short
- only role is in urination
- it is anterior to the vaginal opening
- it has two small paraurethral mucous glands associated to it.
Paraurethral mucous glands (skene’s glands)
Secrete mucus during sexual activity
Urethra
-Men (4)
- long
- bends twice along the course
- when penis is flacid, urethra makes another bend and when penis is erect, bend disappears.
- composed of 3 parts: pre-prostatic, prostatic, membranous and spongy.
Pre- prostatic part of urethra (3)
- 1 cm long,
- from the bladder to the prostate,
- associated with internal urethral sphincter which prevent retrograde movement of semen.
Prostatic part of urethra (6)
- 3-4 cm long
- surrounded by prostate
- lumen of urethra is marked by urethral crest
- urethral crest is enlarged to form the seminal colliculus (near the entrance of the ejaculatory ducts)
- Prostatic utricle opens onto the center of the seminal colliculus
- On each side of the prostatic utricle is the opening of the ejaculatory ducts
Connection between the urinary and reproductive tracts in men occurs in which part of the urethra
Prostatic part
Membranous part of the urethra (3)
- narrow
- passes through the deep perineal pouch
- during transit urethra is surrounded by the external urethral sphincter muscle
Spongy part of the urethra (3)
- surrounded by erectile tissue (corpus spongiosum)
- forms the navicular fossa at the end of the penis
- two bulbourethral glands in the deep perineal pounch open into the spongy urethra
