UROGENTIAL SYSTEM

Question 1

functionally, the urogenital system can be divided into two entirely different components: the

Answer 1

urinary system and the genital system

Question 2

Embryologically and anatomically, how ever, they are intimately interwoven. Both develop from a common mesodermal ridge called

Answer 2

intermediate mesoderm

Question 3

is represented by 7 to 10 solid cell groups in the cervical region

These groups form vestigial excretory units, nephrotomes, that regress before more caudal ones are formed. By the end of the fourth week, all indications of the pronephric system have disappeared.

Answer 3

Pronephros

Question 3

Three slightly overlapping kidney systems are formed in a cranial-to-caudal sequence during intrauterine life in humans:

Answer 3

pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros

Question 4

derived from intermediate mesoderm from upper thoracic to upper lumbar (L3) segments.

Early in the fourth week of develop ment, during regression of the pronephric system, what organ does it replace it with?

They lengthen rapidly, form an S-shaped loop, and acquire a tuft of capillaries that will form a glomerulus at their medial extremity

Answer 4

Mesonephros

Question 5

An Mesonephros, around the glomerulus, the tubules form

Answer 5

Bowman’s capsule

Question 5

glomerulus, the tubules form Bowman’s capsule, and together these form

Answer 5

renal corpuscle

Question 6

Mesonephros Laterally, the tubule enters the longitudinal collecting duct known as the

Answer 6

mesonephric or wolffian duct

Question 6

Mesonephros
Since the developing gonad is on its medial side, the ridge formed by both organs is known as the

Answer 6

urogenital ridge

Question 7

Mesonephros
While caudal tubules are still differ
entiating, cranial tubules and glomeruli show
degenerative changes, and by the end of the sec
ond month, the majority have disappeared.

what happens to males and females

Answer 7

In the male, a few of the caudal tubules and the meso nephric duct persist and participate in formation of the genital system, but they disappear in the female.

Question 8

The Definitive Kidney

permanent kidney

appears in the fi fth week.

Answer 8

Metanephros

Question 9

Metanephros excretory units develop from

Answer 9

metanephric
mesoderm

Question 10

kidney develops from two sources:

Answer 10

(1) metanephric mesoderm, which provides excretory units and (2) the ureteric bud, which gives rise to the collecting system.

Question 10

At birth, the kidneys have a __________ appearance, but disappears during infancy as a result of further growth of the nephrons, although there is no increase in their number.

Answer 10

lobulated