VALIDATION

Question 1

What is natural selection

Answer 1

The process of a population of living organism adapting and changing to survive longer and stronger in their environment.

Question 2

How have wolves adapted to their environment through natural selection?

Answer 2

Using survival traits such as :
Camouflage - physical
Thermoregualtion - physiological
Pack hunting - behavioural
Dietary adaption - behavioural

Question 3

Example of a selection pressure that has influenced wolf populations.

Answer 3

Human driven selective pressures, such as us persecuting wolves through hunting and habitat destruction, domestication of wolf breeds ( which can be negative and positive)

Question 4

How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?

Answer 4

Artificial selection refers to the process where humans intervene and alter the breeding or animals or plants with the intention of selecting traits we prefer. Where is natural selection is an adaption done by the organism its self rather than humans

Mother Nature it eliminating triats bad for survival.

Question 5

Who developed the idea of natural selection?

Answer 5

Charles Darwin an English naturalist developed the idea of natural selection when around his time Pigeon breeding was a popular hobby.

Question 6

In general what are some external pressures that act on wolf populations?

Answer 6

Temperature, Food availability and the presence of other species

Question 7

Key differences between Artificial selection and natural selection? (Process, rate, performed, evolution)

Answer 7

Process: in AS humans pick out desirable traits in animals and use them to make breeds. In NS works when there is variation within a population and traits are passed down from parents to offspring.

Rate: AS is quicker and NS is slower takes time.

Performed on: NS occurs on a population of animal and AS is on a selected individual or group of animals.

Evolution: NS facilitates speciation and evolution over many generations. AS donest support evolution.

Question 8

How have dachshunds been selectively bred?

Answer 8

Originally bred form dwarf mutations for hunting ad hunter gradually shortened their legs through SELEctivly breeding in desire to perfect the breed for going down rabbit and badger holes.

Question 9

What are the 4 types of evolution

Answer 9

Divergent, Convergent, Parallel, convolution

Question 10

Define divergent evolution? (Darwins finches)

Answer 10

a single species divides into 2 more more new species often due to different environmental pressures.

E.g. Darwin’s finches on the Galápagos Islands, where different species developed distinct beak shapes to suit different food sources

Question 11

Define convergent evolution?

Answer 11

unrelated species in different environments independently evolve similar traits or feature because they face similar challenges.

SIMILAR TO DIVERGENT EXCEPT THE TOW SPECIES EVEOLVING ARENT RELATED
E.g. dolphins and fish both developed flippers for swimming even though they are not related.

Question 12

Define parallel evolution?

Answer 12

two or more separate species that share a common ancestor and live in similar environments independently evolve similar traits

Question 13

Define coevolution

Answer 13

two different species influence each others evolution leading to adaptions in each species that are a response to the other.

Question 14

What are genes in relation to proteins?

Answer 14

Each gene codes for a particular protein. Without genes we couldn’t have proteins that act as the tools and machinery of your cells.

Question 15

What are nucleotides

Answer 15

Are the building blocks of DNA which are made form sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous bases.

Question 16

What are the order and number of nucleotides called

Answer 16

The nucleotide sequence

Question 17

What do nucleotide sequences code for

Answer 17

Proteins

Question 18

Genes are made form repeating molecules, name these molecules

Answer 18

Nucleotides

Question 19

why we need to have four types of nitrogenous bases. Why not have just one

Answer 19

In short: we need four bases so that DNA can have enough variety to store complex genetic information and build all the different proteins for need.