****Variables, Reliability, Validity

Question 1

What affects ecological validity

Answer 1

• REALISM - testing real life behaviour in real life setting increases EV
• CONTROL- testing behaviour in a lab, artificial setting using artificial tasks, reduce EV

Question 2

Measure the size of head to determine IQ, is it valid? Is it reliable?

Answer 2

• reliable because readings wont change over each repeat

- not valid

Question 3

How to test for reliability?

Answer 3

• repeat the test (use same checklist)
• with same group of pps
• compare the scores to see if results are consistent
• stronger correlation=more reliable results

Question 4

How to improve reliability?

Answer 4

• standardization

- pilot study to check for issues

Question 5

How to increase internal validity?

Answer 5

• in independent group, use matched pairs or random allocation
• in repeated measure, counterbalancing
• use blinding, single blind or double blind

Question 6

Give some examples for extraneous variables

Answer 6

• participant variables
• situational variables
• demand characteristics
• lack of standardisation within procedure
• order effects