What is overbite?
Amount of overlap of the lower incisors by the central incisors
What is a normal percentage of overbite?
20% (+- 5%)
The amount of overbite is or is not directly related to severity of malocclusion?
is not
What are the etiological factors associated with overbite?
- Over eruption of upper incisors
- Overeruption of lower incisors
- Under eruption of lower posterior teeth
- Genetic development (Cl II Div 2)
What growth considerations do you need to think about for overbite?
Do deep bites improve with growth?
Do they remain constant?
Do they improve?
What is typically present in a class II deep bite…
- Over eruption of maxillary incisors
- Over eruption of mandibular incisors
Treatment options should include active intrusion of the incisors
What are the steps to fix a class II deep bite with overeruption of max incisors?
- correct the two-step occlusal plane (intrusion arch)
- level the curve of spee (max incisors intruded, extrusion of mand posterior teeth)
What is a way to prevent relapse of overbite is to use a…
Hawley retainer with an anterior bite plate to maintain the corrected overbite
What are the steps to fix a class II deep bite with overeruption of mand incisors?
- Bite opening with posterior blocks
- Intrusion of lower incisors with light wire and constant force
- Upper incisors are left at the same level
What are treatment options for extrusion of posterior segments?
- Bite plate at night
- Lower intrusion arch
What are therapeutic options for extrusion of posterior segments?
- Cervical pull HG to correct class II molar relation, extrude molars
- Intrusion arch for maxillary incisors, lower molar eruption with a bite plate
How does an open bite happen?
- Genetic Origin
- Functional Origin
- Parafunctional habits
- Combination
What are the multifactorial etiologies of an open bite?
- Skeletal (genetic)
- Tongue thrust
- Finger habit
- Sleep Apnea
- Neuromuscular
Relapse rate is reported as significant and __________ that non open bite malocclusions
higher
What are the facial characteristics of a patient with an open bite?
- Facial type: Variable; Usually, dolychocephalic tendency
- Lip support: altered
- Lip seal: Deficient
- Upper incisor showing at rest: variable but usually increased
- Smile line: altered
- Facial proportions: variable
What is the dentoalveolar response causing an open bite?
- Displacement of maxillary incisors in the vertical and A-P plane
- Intrusion and proclination of mandibular incisors
- Over eruption of maxillary and/or mandibular molars
How do you analyse the occlusal plane?
- Assess the position of posterior and anterior teeth in relation to the functional occlusal plane
- Hard to determine as the anterior teeth are often times displaced in the vertical plane
What is the differential diagnosis for an anterior open bite?
- Anterior tongue posture
- Thumb sucking
- Genetics
- Sleep Apnea
- Combination
What parafunctional habits cause an anterior open bite?
- Thumb sucking habit
- Anterior tongue posture
—Dentoalveolar deformation and lack of tooth eruption
How do you fix a thumb sucking patient?
- Fixed appliances
- Tongue crib
- Psychological support
- Myofunctional therapy
What are the characteristics of AOB neuromuscular origin?
- Anterior tongue posture
- Mx. incisors pushed labially
- Md. Incisors under erupted
- Good post. occlusion
- Good facial balance
What are the typical characteristics of a class III open bite?
- Moderate maxillary retrognathia
- Moderate mandibular prognathism
- Dental crowding with blocked out canines
- Severe open bite
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Hypodontia, Hyperdontia (supernumerary teeth), Impactions & Ectopic Eruptions47
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Space Analysis; Primary - Permanent24
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Space Maintenance46
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Early Loss of Primary Teeth27
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Serial Extractions18
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Facial and Dental Asymmetry24
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Transverse Problem31
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Vertical Problems - Overbite Openbite22
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Antero-Posterior Discrepancies54
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INTERDISCIPLINARY ADULT ORTHODONTICS16
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Aligner Therapy19
