Behavioral Neuroscience > Visual System > Flashcards

Visual System Flashcards

(18 cards)

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1
Q

Retina

A
  1. Contains photoreceptors
  2. Image is double-inverted
  3. Optic disc is blind spot
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2
Q

Fovea

A
  1. Almost exclusively cones
  2. Farther from fovea, more rods appear & less cones
  3. Where visual acuity is greatest
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3
Q

Optic Disc

A
  1. Where blood vessels enter and leave the eye
  2. No photoreceptors results in blind spot
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4
Q

Photoreceptor Signaling

A
  1. After light hits photoreceptors, G-protein coupled signaling pathway results in closing of Na+ channels
  2. Signals through hyperpolarization
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5
Q

Cell Types in Retina

A
  1. Bipolar cells
  2. Retinal Ganglion cells
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6
Q

Interneurons

A
  1. Amacrine & Horizontal cells
    - Locally-focused
    - Manage signaling
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7
Q

Visual Pathway

A
  1. Photoreceptors
  2. Bipolar
  3. Retinal Ganglion
  4. Optic Nerve
  5. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (Thalamus)
  6. Primary Visual Cortex
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8
Q

On-center/Off-surround Receptive Field

A

In presence of light in center:
- Depolarization
- Metabotropic Receptor (mGluR6)

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9
Q

Off-center/On-surround

A

In presence of light in center:
- Hyperpolarization
- Ionotropic Receptor (AMPA)

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10
Q

Simple Cortical Cell’s Receptive Field

A
  1. Bar & Edge detector
  2. Exclusive to V1
  3. Sensitive to orientation, width, and location
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11
Q

Complex Cortical Cell’s Receptive Field

A
  1. Broader & more complex edge detection and motion features
  2. Not exclusive to V1
  3. Sensitive to orientation & motion more than location
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12
Q

Parvocellular

A
  1. Input from P cells (small ganglion cells)
  2. Small receptive fields
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13
Q

Magnocellular

A
  1. Input from M cells (large ganglion cells)
  2. Large receptive fields
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14
Q

Ventral & Dorsal Stream

A

Ventral: what?
Dorsal: where?

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15
Q

Range Fractionation

A

Rods: high sensitivity
Cones: low sensitivity

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16
Q

Visual v. Receptive Field

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A

Visual Field: Whole area of vision without moving head or eyes
Receptive Field: Stimulus region of individual cells

17
Q

Optic Nerve

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A

Made up of axons of retinal ganglion cells

18
Q

Retinotopic Mapping

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A
  1. Topographic projection of visual field in V1 & extrastriate regions
    - Most visual space devoted to foveal region
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