Vitamins - General

Question 1

Vitamins

Answer 1

• Substances that the body requires for carrying out essential metabolic reactions
• The body cannot synthesize enough of these components to meets all its needs

Question 2

Water-soluble vitamins

Answer 2

B and C

• Readily excreted in the urine
• Daily intake is needed

Question 3

Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 3

A,D,E,K

• Dissolve in fat
• Tend to be stored in the liver and daily intake is not necessary

Question 4

Action

Answer 4

-Act as coenzymes to activate a variety of proteins on enzymes that catalyze biochemical activity

Question 5

Indications

Answer 5

-Treatment of vitamin deficiencies, as dietary supplements, and as specific therapy

Question 6

Contraindications

Answer 6

• Allergy to drug, colorants, additives, or preservatives

- Pregnancy category C

Question 7

Adverse effects

Answer 7

GI upset

Question 8

Drug-Drug interactions

Answer 8

-Fat-soluble vitamins may not be absorbed if given concurrently with mineral oil, cholestyramine, or colestipol

Question 9

Vitamin A

Answer 9

-Useful for wound healing

Question 10

Hypervitaminosis A

Answer 10

-Mouth ulcers, cracked fingernails, bone pain, loss of appetite, cracked corners of mouth, blurry vision , dizziness

Question 11

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

Answer 11

• Useful for wound healing

- Renal calculi with high doses

Question 12

Hypervitaminosis D

Answer 12

-Fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive thirst, excessive urination, dehydration, constipation, irritability, nervousness

Question 13

Vitamin E

Answer 13

-Useful in wound healing

Question 14

Vitamin E toxicity

Answer 14

-Nausea, gastric distress, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, easy bruising and bleeding

Question 15

Vitamin K

Answer 15

• Antidote for warfarin excess

- Death can occur with IV route

Question 16

Vitamin K toxicity

Answer 16

-Jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia, hemolytic anemia

Question 17

Thiamine

Answer 17

-Often used in alcoholics