washington

Question 1

Precedents

Answer 1

• Two Term tradition
• Use of the first presidential veto
• Presidential neutrality in foreign affairs
• Peaceful transfer of power

Question 2

George Washington inaugurated as first U.S. President

Answer 2

April 30, 1789

Question 3

Cabinet

Answer 3

Washington appoints key advisors:
Thomas Jefferson (Secretary of State),
Alexander Hamilton (Secretary of the Treasury)
Henry Knox (Secretary of War)
Edmund Randolph (Attorney General)

Question 4

Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer 4

Establishes the federal court system

Question 5

“Supreme law of the land”

Answer 5

Constitution establishes federal authority over states

Question 6

Census Act of 1790

Answer 6

First national census conducted - detailed survey of nations population

Question 7

Why the census matters

Answer 7

Determines in Congress and taxation

Question 8

Assumption of state debts

Answer 8

Federal government assumes state Revolutionary War debts - (key part of Hamilton’s financial plan)

Question 9

Funding at par

Answer 9

Government pays full face value for war bonds/debt

Question 10

Hamilton Plan / Bank of the United States (B.U.S.)

Answer 10

Proposal for a national bank
Funding at par

Question 11

National Bank

Answer 11

Submitted to Congress in 1790, chartered in 1791 to stabilize finances after Rev war debt by issuing currency, etc.

Question 12

“Loose” vs. “strict” interpretation

Answer 12

Debate over Constitutionality of the Bank

Loose = Bank is constitutional to manage taxes and currency. Favored by Alexander Hamilton

Strict = Bank is not directly mentioned in the Constitution, making it unconstitutional. Favored by Thomas Jefferson

Question 13

Federalists

Answer 13

Favor strong central government, loose interpretation

Question 14

Democratic-Republicans

Answer 14

Favor states’ rights, strict interpretation

Question 15

Tariff

Answer 15

“Protective” tariff – Tax on imported goods to protect U.S. industry

Question 16

District of Columbia

Answer 16

Compromise – Location agreed upon as the nation’s capital

Question 17

Excise tax

Answer 17

Tax on whiskey and other domestic goods - help pay for debt

Question 18

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 18

1791–1794; resistance to excise tax in western Pennsylvania

Question 19

British & French issues

Answer 19

Conflicts over neutrality and trade

Question 20

Declaration of Neutrality

Answer 20

Proclaims U.S. neutral in European conflicts

Question 21

Edmund Genet

Answer 21

French diplomat trying to involve U.S. in war “Genet Affair”

Question 22

Whiskey Rebellion (suppression)

Answer 22

Washington sends militia to enforce tax

Question 23

Jay’s Treaty

Answer 23

Treaty with Britain to resolve trade and frontier issues

Question 24

Chief Little Turtle & General “Mad Anthony” Wayne

Answer 24

Lead forces in Northwest Indian War

Question 25

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Answer 25

August 20, 1794; decisive U.S. victory over Native forces

Question 26

Treaty of Greenville

Answer 26

August 1795; ends Northwest Indian War, opens Ohio Territory for settlement

Question 27

Pinckney’s Treaty (Treaty of San Lorenzo)

Answer 27

October 27, 1795; resolves disputes with Spain over Mississippi River and Florida

Question 28

September 19, 1796

Answer 28

Farewell Address - GW wrote it as a letter to the American people announcing that he would not seek a third term with warnings against: Political parties Foreign alliances Sectionalism Be proud to be American