Weather

Question 1

Conversion currents

Answer 1

Uneven heating of the earth
Sea breeze & land breeze

Question 2

Squalls

Answer 2

Wind change by 16kt to 22kt or more & keeps speed

Question 3

Cold front

Answer 3

Warm air forced over top of cold air
Low pressure
Thunderstorms
Symbol = line with triangles
Wind backs & temp falls

Question 4

Warm front

Answer 4

High pressure
Fine cloud
Symbol = line with bumps

Question 5

Mountain waves

Answer 5

Wind rolls over peak and creates turbulence on other side
Produce lenticular clouds

Question 6

Radiation fog

Answer 6

No clouds
Light winds

Question 7

Tornados are mostly encountered…

Answer 7

In wide spreads thunderstorm activity

Question 8

Hoar frost

Answer 8

Deposition of ice directly from the water vapour mixed with the air
water vapour mixed with air
Immediate ice

Question 9

Prerequisite of a thunderstorm is

Answer 9

Heaps of Moist air in the atmosphere

Question 10

Dust storms

Answer 10

Severe visibility restrictions
Widespread area
Height above 10,000 ft

Question 11

Nimbostratus cloud

Answer 11

Moderate - heavy conditions rain or snow

Question 12

Dew point =

Answer 12

Temp required to cause humidity of air to reach 100%

Question 13

Anabatic winds

Answer 13

Day - land heats
Air goes up mountain
Warm air rises
Weak winds

Question 14

Katabatic winds

Answer 14

Night - land cools
Cold air dense n heavy
Strong winds
Surface inversion to form

Question 15

Heat transfer
Conduction =
Convection =
Latent heat =

Answer 15

Conduction = physical contact
Convection = fluids & gasses
Latent heat = energy absorbed / released during change in physical state

Question 16

Convective cloud formation

Answer 16

Warm land - evaporated surface
Moist air builds - condenses
1000-5000ft

Question 17

Oregraphic cloud formation

Answer 17

Ocean water evaporates
Goes up mountain - rains one side
Dry descending air other

Question 18

Convergence cloud formation

Answer 18

2 airstreams meet head on
Forced upward
Low pressure
Extensive cloud cover

Question 19

Latitude heating of a cold air mass
cloud formation

Answer 19

Stable cold air moves North
Becomes unstable
Thunderstorms develop

Question 20

Turbulence cloud formation

Answer 20

(Roll cloud)
Friction w surface
Cloud continuously forms
Slow moving

Question 21

Cumuliform cloud

Answer 21

Heaped vertical
Cloud warmer then environment
Unstable air rising & cooling

Question 22

Stratform clouds

Answer 22

Stratus - Layered
Same or lower temp then environment

Question 23

Nimbus clouds

Answer 23

Continuous rain
Slow moving warm fronts

Question 24

Cirriform clouds

Answer 24

High altitude — wispy clouds
Low pressure — light winds

Question 25

Mammatus clouds

Answer 25

Boobs Bulging downwards

Question 26

Cloud formation =

Answer 26

Moist air forced to rise & condense

Question 27

Virga =

Answer 27

Micro bursts Precipitation that doesn’t reach the ground Thin altostratus cloud

Question 28

Lightning

Answer 28

Static energy Clouds running together Produces ozone

Question 29

High altitude clouds

Answer 29

Cirrocumulus Cirrostratus Cirrus 18,000 ft

Question 30

Middle altitude clouds

Answer 30

Altostratus Altocumulus 8000 ft

Question 31

Low altitude clouds

Answer 31

Cumulus Stratus Stratocumulus Nimbostratus Cumulonimbus

Question 32

Cirrostratus cloud

Answer 32

Upper levels Produce halo cloud

Question 33

Nimbostratus

Answer 33

Low ceilings Reduced visibility Heavy rains Convergence formation

Question 34

Squall line

Answer 34

Low cloud moving rapidly in warm air ahead of cold front

Question 35

Tropical cyclone

Answer 35

Over Pacific Ocean at about 15 degrees S Mature stage pressure is constant

Question 36

Clear ice

Answer 36

In nimbostratus cloud Or altostratus Above freezing level

Question 37

Anticyclone

Answer 37

Subsidence inversion High pressure system

Question 38

Temperature inversion

Answer 38

High pressure system Cold air Warm air Cold air

Question 39

Fohn wind

Answer 39

Warm & dry Lower humidity Lee side of mountain

Question 40

Conditional stability exists when

Answer 40

Saturated air is unstable and dry air is stable

Question 41

Wind shear

Answer 41

Happen above surface inversion Tailwind to headwind - undershoot Headwind to tailwind - overshoot

Question 42

Condensation nuclei

Answer 42

Solid particles that get swept up with water Vapor

Question 43

Altostratus

Answer 43

Wispy cloud Big icing risk Cause Virga (rain that doesn’t touch the ground) Convergence formation

Question 44

Stratocumulus

Answer 44

Low level bumpy clouds Light rain / drizzle Sometimes rime ice Turbulence formation

Question 45

Altocumulus

Answer 45

Middle layer Clumpy, rolled clouds Light rime icing Orographic uplift / turbulence formation