Week 1

Question 1

Epithelia

Answer 1

Sheet of cells

Question 2

Cadherins

Answer 2

Transmembrane proteins that form molecular attachments between cells

Question 3

Basal Lamina

Answer 3

Epithelial cells’ extracellular matrix, composed of proteins and glycoproteins

Question 4

Integrins

Answer 4

Transmembrane proteins that allow basal lamina to attach to epithelia

Question 5

Pectins

Answer 5

Plant specific cell adhesion molecules, polysaccharides

Question 6

Gap Junctions

Answer 6

Protein channels that allow ions and signaling molecules to move from 1 cell to another

Question 7

Plasmodesmata

Answer 7

Intercellular channels in cell walls that allow thing strands of ER to extend between cells for communication

Question 8

What are the steps of cell signaling?

Answer 8

1. Reception
2. Transduction
3. Response
4. Termination

Question 9

Paracrine

Answer 9

Signaling between neighboring cells

Question 10

Autocrine

Answer 10

Signaling to self

Question 11

Juxtacrine/Contact-Dependent

Answer 11

Cells touch to enable ligand passing

Question 12

Endocrine

Answer 12

Signaling through the circulatory system i.e blood stream

Question 13

Sympatic

Answer 13

Neurotransmitters are very close together and signal to each other

Question 14

Quorum Sensing

Answer 14

Concentrations of ligands dispersed to coordinate group responses

Question 15

Short Distance Signaling From Greatest Distance to Least

Answer 15

-Quorum Sensing
-Paracrine
-Sympatic
-Juxtacrine/Contect-Dependent
-Autoctine

Question 16

Ligands and their binding sites are:

Answer 16

1. Noncovalent
2. Highly specific
3. Causes for change in the configuration of the receptor

Question 17

Kinases

Answer 17

Phosphorylates molecules (adds phosphate groups)

Question 18

Phosphatase

Answer 18

Dephosphorylates molecules (removes phosphate groups)