Define pure word deafness.
- normal hearing, language ability is normal
- can’t understand sounds
- some paraphasias (mixing up sounds in a word)
- impairment is in the ventral stream
Does one word in one language prime for the same word in another language? If so, give an example.
- yes
- ex: chien primes cat
What is a “false friend”?
- words that share form between two languages but aren’t actually related semantically
ex: homograph (coin/coin)
What effect will “false friends” have on word recognition in bilinguals?
- gives us insight into what extent one language is inhibited when we’re using the other language
- only partly inhibited
What is inhibition?
-its what allows us to concentrate on what to rule out as irrelevant information
Cognates facilitate lexical decisions. What is a cognate? Give an example
words that have similar forms and similar meanings
ex: English- rich
Spanish- rico
Is inhibition dependent on fluency?
No, context is effect is more prominent than proficiency effect.
Name and explain the second generation models of lexical access.
TRACE
- parallel, interactive
- 3 bubbles: auditory features-> phonemes-> words
- inhibitory connection within bubble (if its a stop, it inhibits all non-stops), excitatory connections between bubbles
COHORT
- parallel, modular
- 2 stages
- activate a set of candidates from acoustic information of the first 100-150ms of what you hear, take cohort and pass it on to the next stage
- second stage: semantics and context get evaluated
- onsets are important in this model
Do rhymes primes like onsets?
No, onsets are more important than rhymes
When is semantic information available in TRACE and COHORT?
TRACE: immediately and throughout
COHORT: after initial cohort activation then throughout
