week 11

Question 1

bones of the skull

Answer 1

8 crainial bones
14 facial bones

Question 2

Temporomandibular joint classification

Answer 2

• synovial, biaxial, condylar

Question 3

Temporomandibular joint articular surfaces

Answer 3

• mandibular fossa of temporal bone
• condyle of mandible

Question 4

Temporomandibular joint articular disc functions

Answer 4

• improve articular fit
• divides the cavity into an upper and a lower
  compartment
• different movements in each compartment –
  roll in the lower compartment, slide in the
  upper compartment
• provide attachment site for lateral pterygoid

Question 5

lateral ligament of Temporomandibular joint

Answer 5

• from zygomatic bone,
  passes down and back to
  neck of mandible
• limits retraction and
  depression

Question 6

stylomandibular ligament

Answer 6

• from styloid process of the
  temporal bone, passes down and
  forward to angle of mandible
• limits protraction and depression

Question 7

sphenomandibular ligament

Answer 7

• from sphenoid bone, passes down and forward to medial surface of the ramus of the mandible
• limits depression and protraction

Question 8

Muscles of mastication

Answer 8

• masseter
• temporalis
• medial pterygoid
• lateral pterygoid

Question 9

Muscles of Facial Expression

Answer 9

• Attach into the skin of the face
• Open or close the apertures of the
  face (mouth, nostrils, eyes) create facial expressions

Question 10

Hyoid bone

Answer 10

• Framework to suspend the larynx (voice box)
• Not attached to any other part of the skeletal system, therefore very mobile
• Located opposite C3
• Positioned by musculature above (suprahyoid) and below (infrahyoid)

Question 11

Suprahyoid muscles

Answer 11

• Connect the hyoid to the skull
• Action – elevate the hyoid (and
  therefore the larynx)
• Digastric:
• anterior belly
• posterior belly
• Stylohyoid
• Mylohyoid
• Geniohyoid

Question 12

Infrahyoid muscles

Answer 12

• Connect the hyoid to the larynx and
  the sternum
• action- depress the hyoid
• Sternohyoid
• Omohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Thyrohyoid

Question 13

roman number and function of crainal nerve- olfactory

Answer 13

smell
I

Question 14

roman number and function of crainal nerve- optic

Answer 14

II
vision

Question 15

roman number and function of crainal nerve- oculmotor

Answer 15

III
movement of eyeball

Question 16

roman number and function of crainal nerve- trachlear

Answer 16

IV
movement of eyeball

Question 17

roman number and function of crainal nerve- trigeminal

Answer 17

V
muscles of mastication, skin of face

Question 18

roman number and function of crainal nerve- abducens

Answer 18

VI
movement of eyeball

Question 19

roman number and function of crainal nerve- facial

Answer 19

VII
muscles of facial expression

Question 20

roman number and function of crainal nerve- vestibulocochlear

Answer 20

VIII
hearing and balance

Question 21

roman number and function of crainal nerve- glosspharyngeal

Answer 21

IX
sensations from pharynx

Question 22

roman number and function of crainal nerve- vagus

Answer 22

X
muscles of pharynx and larynx

Question 23

roman number and function of crainal nerve- accessory

Answer 23

XI
joins vagus

Question 24

roman number and function of crainal nerve- hypoglossal

Answer 24

XII
muscles of tongue

Question 25

pharrynx

Answer 25

is a fibromuscular tube extdending from the base of the skull to inferior part of larynx (C6) shared bw respirtory and digestive systems, it has connections to the nasal cavity, oral cavity, larnyx

Question 26

pharynx- regions and boundries

Answer 26

nasopharynx(post to nose) choanae tip of soft palate oropharynx tip of soft palate tip of epiglottis laryngopharynx tip of epiglottis inferior edge larynx to oesophagus

Question 27

external layer of the pharynx

Answer 27

constrictor circular orientation 3 overlapping bands superior constrictor middle constrictor inferior constrictor

Question 28

internal layer of the pharynx

Answer 28

elevators vertical orientation salpingopharyngeus palatopharyngeus stylopharyngeus

Question 29

constrictors

Answer 29

involunary contraction function in a sequance superior to inferior push bolus into oesphagus innervated by the vagus nerve

Question 30

elevators

Answer 30

lift regions of pharynx salpingopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus are innervatedd by vagus nerve stylopharyngeus innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 31

deglutition

Answer 31

process of swallowing involved the passing of food/ liquid from the mouth to the pharynx then to the oesophagus two stages= 1st food from mouth to pharynx is voluntary 2nd bolus through pharynx to oesphagus involuntary

Question 32

larynx

Answer 32

is an air passage, a sphincter and an organ of phonation (speech production)

Question 33

larynx functions

Answer 33

protect the lower airways prevent entry of foreign objects provide a mechanism to clear the lower airways eg cough

Question 34

laryx components

Answer 34

single cartliages: epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid paired: arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform

Question 35

false vocal cords

Answer 35

no role in phonation protective function superior to true vocal cords

Question 36

vocal folds

Answer 36

moved by laryngeal muscles - quiet inspiration= open - forced inspiration= open wider - swallowing= completely closed - phonation= folds adducted/ close to touching

Question 37

nerve supply of larynx=

Answer 37

motor and sensory is vagus nerve