What was Hip hop like in its early days?
Like rock, it was a cultural movement. It was marginal (came from marginal communities) but began to brush against the mainstream
What were essential instruments to hip hop?
Turntables and sampling are essential to music instruments and modes of production
In the 90s, which type of rap had significant commercial success.
Gangsta rap - Saturation of gangsta rap techniques leads to alternative approaches (socially conscious hip hop
Early sampling was informal, but this changed, why?
Commercial success of hip hop brought copyright issues which impacted who could sample, how, and at what cost. Later artists had to pay songwriting credits for using recognizable melodies.
Where did Hip Hop begin? what year?
It began in the South bronx in New York during the 70s. A time of economic decline and social marginalization and emerged as a community-based cultural response
What does it mean by Hip Hop choosing rhythmic vocals other music
Early hip hop focused on speaking rythymly (rapping) over beats rather than singing melodies
How did hiphop use records and turntables
DJs used two turntables to extend instrumental breaks that allowed continuous dancing (Mixer)
What genre of music did Hip hop borrow Dj techniques from?
Disco Djs
What is the difference between ‘gangsta rap’ and ‘conscious rap’
Gangsta rap focuses more on street life and survival, conscious rap focused more on politics, social critique, and historical awareness
What does “circulates sounds of the past” mean in hip hop?
Hip Hop reuses older music through sampling, remixing, and recycling to give past sounds new meaning
Why did critics question if hip hop was real music?
Because of its reliance on samples and rhythm over melody
What is the difference between Flow and Cadence in rap?
Cadence refers to the technical mechanics of the voice (timing and accents), while flow describes how rhythm, rhyme, and voice feel together for to the listener
Originally, what was the turntable used for? What changed
it was meant for just playing music, but then it was used to create and perform new sounds through techniques (scratching and looping)
What is the difference between a Dj and a Turntabilist?
A Dj mainly plays and selects records to play, a turntablist uses records and turntables creatively to produce new sounds and rhythms
What is Beat Matching?
aligning songs with the same tempo for transitions
What is beat mixing?
Aligning songs with similar beats to transition to
What is scratching?
creating texture in songs with the turn table
What is Beat juggling?
Working between two records with breaks or samples to create a new composition
Who is Kool Herc?
A Jamaican-born Dj who was the first to use two turntables to play music without interruption. He observed audience energy peaking during instrumental breaks
What type of music did Kool herc focus on?
Reggae and dancehall in NYC.
Kool Herc came up with the Merry-Go-Round technique, what was this?
playing only instrumental breaks and mixing between them for a continuous dance rhythm.
What was the “break” in a song and what was the “Breakbeat DJ Style”
Dj’s focused on short drum-heavy sections of songs (called breaks) and extended them for dancing
Who was “Public Enemy”?
A politically charged hip hop group who used layering sampling and agressive sound.
What was discos influence on Hip Hop?
hip hop adopted discos dance floor culture utilizing turn tables, records, and electronic music elements.
-
Week 1 readings11
-
Week 1 things to know22
-
Week 2 things to know25
-
Week 3 things to know30
-
Week 4 things to know28
-
Week 5 things to know23
-
Week 6 things to know30
-
Midterm Songs21
-
Week 844
-
Week 940
-
Week 1047
-
Week 1232
-
Week 1348
-
Week 1417
-
Music pt115
-
Music pt.218
-
Music pt.312
-
Music pt4 (old)11
