Week 8

Question 1

Week 8 we talked about the 1960s and continued (British Invasion, 60s counterculture), explain what happens to music in this Era…

Answer 1

Popular music happens in this era, but mostly the “adultification” of rock music, moving from a style of music aimed at youth to an older scene.

Question 2

This Era also included the rise of Digital Technologies, expand on this.

Answer 2

New studios and new tech. become tools for lots of hip hop users and creates opportunities for them (eg. drum machines, samplers)

Question 3

What does Liverpool have to do with popular music?

Answer 3

Its where the Beatles formed and has close association with tourism and interest (thanks to the Beatles)

Question 4

What type of people did Liverpool have, what does this have to do with the beatles?

Answer 4

Liverpool was a working-class port city with lots of enthusiasm, which shaped the Beatles’ attitudes, lyrics, humour, and realism.

Question 5

What venue did the Beatles play in mostly early on? And which producer aimed to capture their live energy on recordings?

Answer 5

They played at the Cavern Club. George Martin sought to capture the live energy of the Cavern Club on recordings.

Question 6

The Beatles revived the idea of what vs a single performer?

Answer 6

Songwriting, singing, and playing within a band.

Question 7

What was a key part of the Beatles success?

Answer 7

A return to a combination of songwriting and a band, not just a single performer who did all of these things.

Question 8

The Beatles released two albums with both covers and originals, what year was this? And what were their names

Answer 8

1963 - Please Please Me $ With the Beatles

Question 9

The Beatles first album (Please Please Me) had an opening track that was original, and a popular cover, what were the names of the songs?

Answer 9

I saw Her Standing There
Twist and Shout

Question 10

Even though the Beatles were British, why did they become popular in America in 64?

Answer 10

The band (along with other British bands) covered American music and presented it with a new style for American audiences. They paid attention to dress, album covers, and music videos that expanded their popularity in the UK, US, and Canada.

Question 11

The Beatles helped change the idea of replacing 7 singles with what?

Answer 11

Long playing albums, all artists around the world started doing this.

Question 12

The Beatles were one of the first popular music groups that were taken seriously by critics. William Mann compares the Beatles to which Austrian composer?

Answer 12

Gustav Mahler

Question 13

What was the British Invasion?

Answer 13

The rapid rise and dominance of British Music and culture in the United States during the mid 60s. The Beatles were the key catalyst for this shift.

Question 14

The release of what single was crucial to the British Invasion and introduced them to the US mainstream.

Answer 14

“I want to hold your hand” (single)

Question 15

The Beatles apeal in the US wasnt just image based, what else did they have?

Answer 15

Charisma and energy, a wide variety of music (rock, pop, ballads, covers), and musical skill

Question 16

Which American show did the Beatles make an appearance on that helped with their instant nation wide exposure? How many Americans watched this live?

Answer 16

The Ed Sullivan Show in 1964. 34% Americans watched this live. This performance was known to be the start of the British Invasion

Question 17

What is the term used to describe the extreme, almost hysterical level of fan devotion surrounding the Beatles

Answer 17

Beatlemania

Question 18

What was one of the first major stadium rock concerts that demonstrated how large the Beatles audience had become?

Answer 18

The Beatles 1965 concert at Shea stadium

Question 19

What significance does the Beatles album “A Hard Days Night” (1964) have?

Answer 19

It was their first album of all original songs

Question 20

Around 1965, the Beatles start expanding musically and beyond simple live-band recordings towards more complex songs recorded in a studio. What two studio technology did they start using?

Answer 20

Four-track recording = multiple parts being recorded separately

Overdubbing = layering vocals and instruments one after another instead of playing everything live

Question 21

As the Beatles evolve, changes become more pronounced with Rubber Soul, what does this mean?

Answer 21

Rubber soul uses more subtle instrumentation, reflective lyrics (about identity and personal stuff) and more serious. All meaning that they shifted to more adult-focused music

Question 22

Why was Richard Goldstein important in understanding “Revolver” (Beatles album)

Answer 22

He was one of the first modern rock critiques who used a new alternative aesthetic to evaluate pop music by considering the experimentation and studio technology seriously instead of judging by traditional standards

Question 23

What did Rubber Soul help prove?

Answer 23

Helped prove that rock music could be intellectually and emotionally serious, not just for dancing and teens

Question 24

What makes “Revolver” musically innovative? (according to Goldstein)

Answer 24

It incorporated electronic sounds and studio manipulation exposing the mechanics of pop music and treating the recording studio as a crucial part in making music

Question 25

Why is "Tomorrow Never Knows" A key track on Revolver?

Answer 25

It involved psychedelic music and music resembled a mantra and message like lyrics

Question 26

In 67 (after revolver), Beatles released "Sgt. Peppers lonely Hearts Club Band" what significance does this album have/

Answer 26

The album is being being performed by a fictional band (sgt.peppers) and use the studio as an instrument with even more sound effects, orchestras, and manipulation. A big withdrawal from live performance

Question 27

When were the Rolling Stones formed and where?

Answer 27

In 1962, London

Question 28

How were the Rolling stones different than the Beatles?

Answer 28

The Beatles were more about art and psychedelia, the Rolling Stones were more focused on ironic detachment, arrogance, and aggressive sexuality. More blues focused

Question 29

Who is Elle Willis?

Answer 29

One of the first major female rock critics, who connected the stones to politics and counterculture as they were linked to protest and political anger. But she doesn't mention their sexism, which shows how misogyny was normalized

Question 30

What was American Counterculture?

Answer 30

It was a rejection of traditional middle-class values (against suburban living, 9-5 jobs, traditional family roles).

Question 31

Eastern influence, Birth control, Anti-war, and Drugs were all key values and influences of American Counterculture, expand on them

Answer 31

Eastern influence = buddhism, hinduism, interest in spirituality rather than organized Western religion BC = sexual liberation, more control over women's bodies and relationships Anti-War = strong opposition to the Vietnam war Drugs = especially psychedelics, seen as tools for expanding consciousness These ideas show up directly on songs

Question 32

What does San Francisco have to do with American Counterculture?

Answer 32

It became a gathering place for artists and hippies, musicians and activists. It was the "Spiritual Mecca" for counterculture. Big psychedelic rock scene

Question 33

Who is Janis Joplin?

Answer 33

Blues artist that came from a small conservative town in Texas, her later image is rebellious. Part of the psychedelic rock band Big Brother.

Question 34

Why was Janis Joplin framed as "One of the Boys"

Answer 34

To gain legitimacy in a male-dominated rock culture, but was vulnerable to exploitation and portrayed as a tragic figure.

Question 35

Why was Janis Joplins performance style considered groundbreaking?

Answer 35

Her performance style involved extreme emotional openess and physical intensity

Question 36

What were Janis Joplins music influences?

Answer 36

She was influenced by blues and rnb singers like Bessie Smith. She fused blues with rock

Question 37

Who is Jimi Hendrix?

Answer 37

Blues and Psychedelic rock artist who was originally American (didn't have much of a break through) so he moved to London and had a break through there.

Question 38

What was Jimi Hendrix' music like?

Answer 38

A combination of African American Blues and Psychedelic Rock. He used an electric guitar as an electronic instrument (like the beatles using the studio as an instrument, he used the guitar)

Question 39

How were Jimi Hendrix's performances?

Answer 39

Very theatrical, highly visual, and expressive (playing guitar behind head, kneeling, etc)

Question 40

What negative thing did critics say about Jimi Hendrix?

Answer 40

His visuals distracted from his musicianship

Question 41

Jimi Hendricks performed "Hey Joe" at the Monterey pop festival, why was this important?

Answer 41

Its where he explodes into mainstream awareness, and launches his career

Question 42

What was Woodstock? (69)

Answer 42

A festival that was supposed to be about peace, love, and hippie unity, a cultural moment. There was a lack of women and African American performers

Question 43

What was the Altamont? (69)

Answer 43

A free concert planned by the Rolling Stones (previously critiques that they were too expensive) that was meant to mirror Woodstock . Seen a the collapse of the Woodstock ideal. Hells Angels were security

Question 44

What went wrong at Altamont? Why was it conc

Answer 44

4 deaths during the concert and last-minute venue changes, massive crowds. Considered the end of the 60s as as it marked the collapse of the peace-and-love festival myth, and the idea of countercultural ideals of peace and unity