Describe waterfall project management
- clear requirements at the beginning
- small or no changes during the project
- patient customers
- mechanistic culture
5 steps: Requirements, design, implementation, verification, maintenance
Describe agile project management?
- high exploration factor projects
- require high customer responsiveness
- organizations with innovative cultures
What is scope creep?
A project becomes larger and larger due to the constant addition of desired functionality. Meaning succes is a moving target. Because requirements keep changing
What are three time tracking methods?
- Critical path method
- Gantt chart
- CMMI (initial, managed, defined, quantitatively managed, optimizing)
What are the fixed and variable components of Waterfall and Agile project management?
Waterfall PM:
Fixed - scope and quality
Variable - schedule and cost
Agile PM:
Fixed - Schedule, quality and cost
Variable - scope
What is a spaghetti system?
The results of kludges for fast system development
What are the issues of a spaghetti system? and what are the risks?
- Kludges (service outage)
- Insufficient integration between systems (inadequate business controls)
- lack of real-time functionality (no support for flexible pricing)
What is a solution for spaghetti systems?
Enterprise Architecting (EA)
What are factors for selecting a vendor?
- Fit between company’s technology platform and vendor solution
- history of the vendor
- skill level of the team of the vendor
What is a De-escalation process
the termination or redirection of an escalating IT project
What are the four phases of a de-escalation process?
- Problem recognition
- Re-examination of prior course of action
- Searching for alternative course of action
- Implementation and exit strategy
What are the seven roles within a de-escalation process?
- Messenger (communicates the problem and why the current course of action is insufficient)
- -> IT/Financial auditors, vendor - Exit sponsor (empower and push exit champions to go through with de de-escalation process)
- -> CEO, board - Exit champion (actively persue de-escalation)
- -> CIO, BU managers - Exit catalyst (make the consquences of staying on the current course more visible)
- -> IT managers, CIO, BU managers - Exit blocker (hinder or slow the de-escalation process)
- -> Vendors, project champions - Legitimizer (provide thrustworthy external observations, assesments and advice)
- -> Legal/IT Consultants - Scapegoat (Blame for a failing or failed effort)
- -> Former CIO, CEO, project managers
What are the six different power bases?
- Reward power (bestow rewards on the target in return for compliance)
- Coercive power (force compliance by treat of punishment)
- Expert power (the power to gain compliance on the basis of expertise)
- Informational power (power to convince the target with logic)
- Legitimate power (the right to prescribe behavior)
- Referent power (the power to induce behaviour by referring to the target’s identification)
What powers does the messenger role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
powers: informational power and expert power
Phase: 1
What powers does the exit sponsor role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: legitimate power and coercive power
Phase: 1,2,3
What powers does the exit champion role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: legitimate power, reward power, coercive power, informational power
Phase: all phases
What powers does the exit catalyst role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: informational power
Phase: 1,2,3
What powers does the exit blocker role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: legitimate power
Phase: all phases
What powers does the legitimizer role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: informational power, expert power
Phase: 1,2,4
What powers does the scapegoat role have and in what phase is this role necessary?
Powers: “reverse referent power”
Phase: 4
