Week 4 Ethics

Question 1

Informed Constent

Answer 1

• Patient preferences are expressed
• Autonomy
• Mutual participation
• Good communication
• Mutual respect
• Shared decision making

Question 2

Ideal scenario of informed consent

Answer 2

• Consults MD for a medical problem
• MD makes Dx and recommends Tx
• Discussion of + - and alt
• Patients understands info and chosses

Question 3

Standard for Informed Consent

Answer 3

Reasonable Physician Standard (before)

Reasonable Patient Standard (now)
Info that is necessary for a reasonable person when making the decision (now) the information must be personalized

Question 4

Scope of Disclosure (Informed Consent)

Answer 4

• Patient’s medical status
• Interventions that might help
• Professional opinion about alternatives
• Recommendation based on best clinical judgment

Question 5

Non-Directive Genetic Counseling

Answer 5

The counselor presents all sides of an issue in a non-biased manner.

Question 6

Purpose of prenatal diagnosis

Answer 6

• Diagnosis and prognosis for closure, symptom management
• Pursue potential interventions
• Planning for child with special needs
• Lifestyle changes
• Support groups
• Carrying or not child to term

Question 7

Problems with Non-directiveness

Answer 7

• Incompatible with caring Dt-Pt relationship
• Violate ethical guidelines of beneficence
• Doctors have some obligation to be directive

Resolved by Shared Decision Making?

Question 8

Exceptions to informed consent

Answer 8

Lack of decision-making capacity
Emergencies
Therapeutic Privilege
Waiver

Question 9

Promote Shared Decision Making

Answer 9

Encourage the patient to play an active role
Ensure that patients are informed
Promote the patient’s best interest
Try to persuade patients

Question 10

Problems with informed consent

Answer 10

Lack of understanding
Doctors do not provide key info
Patients do not want make decisions
Patients make decisions that contradict their best interest