Philosophy
The rational pursuit of fundamental truths about reality, knowledge, and value
Argument
A group of statements in which premises support a conclusion
Premise
A statement offered as a reason to support a conclusion
Conclusion
The statement an argument is meant to establish
Critical Thinking
Careful evaluation of reasons and arguments
Metaphysics
Branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of reality
Epistemology
Branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge and belief
Axiology
Branch of philosophy concerned with value
Ethics
Study of moral right and wrong
Aesthetics
Study of beauty and art
Logic
Study of correct reasoning
Examined Life
A life guided by reflection and rational self-questioning
Reason
The mental ability to think, infer, and justify beliefs
Deductive is:
Reasoning where the conclusion must be true if the premises are true.
Inductive is:
Reasoning where the conclusion is likely or probable, not guaranteed.
Valid is:
A deductive argument where the conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Invalid is:
A deductive argument where the conclusion does not logically follow from the premises.
Strong is:
An inductive argument where the premises make the conclusion very likely.
Weak is:
An inductive argument where the premises make the conclusion unlikely.
Premise is:
A statement that gives a reason to support a conclusion.
Conclusion is:
The statement an argument is trying to prove.
Self (Russell) is:
A person’s private interests, emotions, and attachments.
Not-Self (Russell) is:
The broader world and perspectives beyond personal concerns.
