week5

Question 1

OSHA hazard communication standard

Answer 1

1. took effect on May 23, 1988 on idea that all employees have both a need and right to know the hazards and identities of the chemicals to which they are exposed in the workplace
2. OSHA developed HCS to ensure employees that they are given the information they need to know
3. information contained in the written hazard communication program helps to establish good work practice controls and how to prevent accidents and injuries
4. HCS is a broad standard which covers not only manufacturers of chemicals, but also employers who use hazardous chemicals in the workplace. Employers need only to focus on those aspects of the standard which establish a workplace program and communication of information to employees.
   - HCS is rather flexible; concerned about performance
   - employers can adapt the rule to fit specific needs rather than strict adherence to strict requirements

Question 2

Primary focus for HCS

Answer 2

1. acquisition and maintenance of safety data sheet
2. proper labeling and associated warning on containers containing hazardous chemicals
3. communication by the employer to the employee of hazard in the workplace through information and training
4. the documentation of the development and implementation of a written hazard communication program

Question 3

Safety data sheets info

Answer 3

• identifiying the hazardous chemicals used in the workplace
• includes liquids; but HCS covers all physical forms of chemicals (liquids, solids, gases, vapors, fumes, and mists)
• concerned about hazardous nature of the chemical and the potential for exposure that determines whether a chemical is covered under the HCS.
• if the chemical is not hazardous, it isn’t covered. no risk of exposure, not covered.
• *Nearly all the chemicals used in the workplace should be included

Question 4

Hazardous chemical inventory list requirements

Answer 4

1. requires a list of the hazardous chemicals known to be present using an identity that is referenced on the appropriate SDS.
   - HCS allows different listings and associated SDS for different work areas.
2. HCS requires that the chemicals be listed in ABC order by manufactures identity (Aron alpha, not glue, permaglo not dodge)
3. at the end of each year, a copy of inventory list must be placed in file labeled, HCIL (specify year) and retained for a period of 30 years.

Question 5

Health and physical hazards

Answer 5

a substance, which is scientifically proven to be combustible liquid, compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable, or water reactive

Question 6

means any liquid having a flashpoint at or above 100 degrees F

Answer 6

combustible liquid

Question 7

a gas or mixture of gases having in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70 degrees F

Answer 7

compressed gas

Question 8

means an aerosol that, when tested yields a flame projection exceeding 18 inches at full valve opening

Answer 8

flammable aerosol

Question 9

means a gas that, at ambient temp and pressure forms a flammable mixture

Answer 9

flammable gas

Question 10

means any liquid having a flashpoint below 100 degrees F

Answer 10

flammable liquid

Question 11

means a solid, other than a blasting agent or explosive that is liable to cause fire

Answer 11

flammable solid

Question 12

means a chemical that causes a sudden almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat

Answer 12

explosive

Question 13

an organic compound containing the bivalent O-O structure

Answer 13

organic peroxide

Question 14

means a substance that initiates or promotes combustion in other materials

Answer 14

oxidizers

Question 15

means a chemical that will ignite spontaneously in air

Answer 15

pyrophoric

Question 16

means a chemical which in the pure state, or as produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or will become self reactive under conditions of shock, pressure, or temperature

Answer 16

unstable

Question 17

means a chemical that reacts with water to release a gas that is either flammable or presents a health hazard

Answer 17

water reactive

Question 18

a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence based on at least one study conducted that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees

Answer 18

health hazards

Question 19

any substance or agent or inciting the development of cancerous growth in living tissue

Answer 19

carcinogen

Question 20

any substance that causes visible destruction or irreversible alterations, in living tissue by chemical action

Answer 20

corrosive

Question 21

any material which at the site of contact causes a reversible inflammatory effect on living tissue by chemical action

Answer 21

irritant

Question 22

any material that after repeated exposure on people or animals cause a substantial number of exposed people or animals to develop an allergic reaction in normal tissue

Answer 22

sensitizer

Question 23

any poisonous material that causes harmful effects on the body through ingestion, inhalation, or physical contact

Answer 23

toxic agent

Question 24

target organ effects (5)

-any agents which can damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes

Answer 24

1. hepatotoxins
2. nephrotoxins
3. neurotoxins
4. reproductive toxins
5. hematotoxins

Question 25

chemicals capable of producing liver damage

Answer 25

hepatotoxins

Question 26

chemicals capable of damaging the kidneys

Answer 26

nephrotoxins

Question 27

chemicals producing primary toxic effects on the nervous system

Answer 27

neurotoxins

Question 28

poisonous chemicals having harmful effects on the reproductive system

Answer 28

reproductiv toxins

Question 29

chemicals acting on the blood

Answer 29

hematotoxins

Question 30

What is SDS?

Answer 30

- safety date sheet provides detailed information on each hazardous chemical, including potential hazardous effects, its physical and chemical properties and recommendations for appropriate protective measures - 16 sections

Question 31

who makes SDS

Answer 31

Chemical manufacturers and importers are required to develop an SDS for each hazardous chemical they manufacture or products they produce

Question 32

How do I get SDS?

Answer 32

chemical manufacturers are required to supply an SDS with the shipment of the hazardous chemical. -employer must rely on the information provided by the manufacturer and is under no obligation to demonstrate the validity of the information contained on the supplied SDS.

Question 33

Procedure to be followed on obtaining a missing SDS

Answer 33

1. request an appropriate SDS from manufacturer in writing 2. a copy of this written documentation should be inserted into the SDS binder at the location where the SDS should appear 3. when the appropriate SDS is acquired, insert it into the binder, remove the letter and indicated on the inventory list that the SDS is on file 4. if you don't receive an SDS, you should discontinue use of the chemical and dispose of it in accordance with federal, state and local laws. Also contact osha office who may assist in obtaining SDS

Question 34

How do I maintain the SDS?

Answer 34

When receiving a shipment of chemicals from the manufacturer, the designated program administrator should compare the SDS received with the shipment to the SDS currently on file. If the SDS received indicates, typically by the date prepared, section is newer than the one currently on file, the old SDS should be removed from the binder and replaced with the newer one.

Question 35

How do I make SDS available?

Answer 35

SDS must be available to all employees who have exposure to hazardous chemicals. - must be kept in 2 locations - the work area ( prep room) and offices of the company - can be maintained in either a separate binder which would include the hazardous chemicals inventory list or can be maintained as part of the written hazard communication program. - permitted to keep one copy in electronic on computer

Question 36

where do I store this stuff? (chemicals)_

Answer 36

- no more than 500 lbs of pure formaldehyde will be stored in any funeral home or embalming center. (40 cases) - never store products near a heater or flame source - never store formaldehyde near bleach - never store formaldehyde near other products who labels ID them as being a strong oxidizing agent, a strong alkaline, or very acidic/caustic - dont stack cases of chemicals too high because they could fall over causing a spill or injury. - don't store chemicals near an exit or in direct sunlight - post appropriate warning signs where hazardous chemicals are being stored

Question 37

how do I dispose of hazardous chemicals?

Answer 37

- federal, state and local law strictly enforced by various regulatory agencies govern the disposal of hazardous chemicals. - consequences can be significant and may include imposed fines (up to 50k), criminal prosecution, clean up costs, and lawsuits - no empty embalming bottles in trash unless properly rinsed - never discard chemicals and/or containers into a casket or burial value to be buried

Question 38

container and product labeling

Answer 38

-responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure that each container is properly labeled and as a general rule, end users (funeral homes) are not required to relabel containers unless the original label becomes defaced or detached

Question 39

label must haves:

Answer 39

1. product identity (same info on SDS) 2. appropriate hazard warnings (flammable, causes Lung damage, etc) 3. name and address of manufacturer - labels must be in English and clearly legible - manufacturers may include other info but this is voluntary and not required by OSHA; also doesn't specific color or size of labels

Question 40

general guidelines for labels

Answer 40

1. employees must be informed to the meaning of various labels, tags, and signs and the appropriate precautions (which must be taken) 2. signal words must be readable at a minimum of 5 feet and greater if the danger warrants 3. labels, tags and signs must be posted as closely as possible to the respective hazard and fastened in a permanent manner - presented in a pictograph, written text or both

Question 41

MOST biohazard labels, tags and signs must be...

Answer 41

- fluorescent orange or orange red | - symbols must be in contrasting color

Question 42

MOST chemical labels, tags and signs must be...

Answer 42

red, black and white

Question 43

MOST emergency labels, tags and signs must be

Answer 43

green and white

Question 44

an internationally adopted system for the classification and labeling of hazardous chemicals that: - includes established criteria for classifying hazards and for further categorizing - provides established language and symbols for each hazard class and each category within a class

Answer 44

Globally harmonized system

Question 45

FH must document :

Answer 45

1. all yearly employee training of: - fire safety - OSHA Standards - hazard communication standard - formaldehyde rule - bloodborne pathogen standard - all medical records during employment and for 30 years after the employee has left the employment of the funeral home - daily usage prep room cleaning log - annual formaldehyde exposure level samplings - all recorded incidents with source and individual identity - all bio-hazard waste manifests - all old SDS linked to exposure records