01 - scientific process

Question 1

how is scientific process useful

Answer 1

used all the time
necessary for reproducing experiments
flexible system
used to investigate anything

Question 2

how many times should you repeat an experiment to make sure its valid

Answer 2

3-5 times

Question 3

the scientific process steps

Answer 3

observation
hypothesis
experiment
collect data
analyze data
conclusions
repeat

Question 4

observation

Answer 4

anything you are curious about

Question 5

hypothesis

Answer 5

general statement of how you expect the experiment to go

Question 6

should you use a specific value in hypothesis or prediction

Answer 6

prediction

Question 7

how many hypotheses do you make per experiment

Answer 7

2 (null/alternate)

Question 8

null hypothesis (Ho)

Answer 8

2 variables have no relationship
manipulating one variable has no effect on the other variable

Question 9

alternate hypothesis (Ha)

Answer 9

2 variables have a relationship

Question 10

how do you eventually prove the experiment’s results

Answer 10

find evidence to support one hypothesis or the other

Question 11

prediction

Answer 11

specific outcome
defines relationship between two variables

Question 12

predictions are based on

Answer 12

prior knowledge/observation

Question 13

in experimental design, you need to determine

Answer 13

variables
treatments

Question 14

independent variable

Answer 14

condition that is manipulated by experimenter

Question 15

dependent variable

Answer 15

response measured by experimenter

Question 16

constant variables

Answer 16

variables held at a constant level during the experiment

Question 17

experimental treatments

Answer 17

groups subjected to change in the independent variable

Question 18

how many experimental treatments can you have

Answer 18

as many as you want

Question 19

how many control treatments can you have

Answer 19

at least one, often many

Question 20

control treatment

Answer 20

group with standard/normal conditions

Question 21

how many control groups are there usually in an experiment

Answer 21

one

Question 22

positive control

Answer 22

group you set up for an expected reaction

Question 23

negative control

Answer 23

group you set up and expect no reaction

Question 24

steps in collecting data

Answer 24

collect in an organized matter
decide how to measure independent variable
construct tables to keep data organized
include general observations
write everything down

Question 25

analyze/present data

Answer 25

present in understandable format include numbers and math (averages and standard deviations)

Question 26

should you present raw data

Answer 26

no

Question 27

answer questions about your results

Answer 27

which hypothesis is accepted? did the experiment go as planned? do you have unexplained results? what's interfering with your results? what would you do differently if you repeat the experiment? what do the results mean?

Question 28

how to repeat experiment to confirm validity

Answer 28

change independent variable