1-Programming

Question 1

In developing a functional program which of the following questions is MOST important to answer?*
A) How many maintenance rooms are required on each level?
B) What is the most appropriate door width for a corridor?
C) What space is needed to operate the facility efficiently?
D) What lighting level is required for occupied spaces?

Answer 1

C) What space is needed to operate the facility efficiently?

Question 2

Analyze the program from the point of view of sustainable design principles.
(3)

Answer 2

1. Cost of implementation vs operation
2. Source of energy and energy loss
3. Massing, shading, solar orientation, winds

Question 3

Analyze the program from the point of view of the spatial requirements.
(4)

Answer 3

1. Occupant load
2. Space required
3. Equipment
4. Services vs user space ratio

Question 4

Analyze the program from the point of view of the client’s objectives.
(4)

Answer 4

1. Cost vs expectations
2. Resolve competing need within stakeholders
3. Compare needs with design solution
4. Determine if metric of time, cost and performance are balanced

Question 5

What are hard costs?

Answer 5

Hard costs: Costs associated with the physical construction of a building and landscape like material and labour.

Question 6

What are soft costs?

Answer 6

Soft costs: Building permits, services fees, legal fees, site analysis
Contingency: Provision for unseen expense

Question 7

What cost estimate class is associated with pre-design. what’s the% of contingencies?

Answer 7

Class D ($/unit; $/m2)
20-30%

Question 8

What are 3 alternate names for a functional program?

Answer 8

Space program
architectural program
Design Brief

Question 9

How would an architect evaluate the program against the client’s objectives? (5 qs)

Answer 9

EVALUATE:
1 - does it identify client’s philosophy/vision/goals
2 - does it identify RELATIONSHIPS?
3 - do FUNDING ESTIMATES match space rqrmnts?
4 - is there clear CRITERIA for occupants / spaces / services / activities?
5 - can the proposed facility be accom. on SITE?

Question 10

Analyze the program from the point of view of the proposed budget. (11)

Answer 10

• Land cost
• Hard costs
• Soft costs
• Contingency: Provision for unseen expense
• Source of revenue (location of space, co-location, mixed-use,etc.)
• Life cycle costs (maintenance, operation)
• Return of investment
• Identify potential partners
• Gross Floor Area (GFA)
• Net Internal Area (NIA)
• Estimate class D (Cost/unit, $/m2)

Question 11

Analyze the program from the point of view of the site components.
(8)

Answer 11

• Climate (winds, solar orientation, etc.)
• Topography (site contour, water course/bodies, visual characteristics, vegetation, etc.)
• Geotechnical and soil information
• Environmental hazard
• Surrounding (neighbourhood structure, shade, noise, views)
• Site servicing
• Road access
• Property description (legal description, boundaries, easements, rights-of-ways, etc.)

Question 12

Analyze an architectural program from the point of view of project constraints and opportunities. (7)

Answer 12

• Zoning
• Critical dimensions
• Environmental potential and risks
• Topography
• Socio & demographic opportunities
• budget
• Value/philosophy/goals of the client

Question 13

What are technics used in developing an architectural program? (7)

Answer 13

• Research & study of best practices
• Observation of the client’s existing site or workplace
• Interviews
• Consultation with future users
• Consultation of the public
• Focus groups
• Questionnaires and surveys

Question 14

What does a functional program aim at? (2)

Answer 14

Enhance human activities

Give a building it’s purpose

Question 15

What sort of studies or analyses might you provide to an owner who will operate a new building for the foreseeable future? (2)

Answer 15

• Market & Demographic Studies

* Life Cycle Cost Projections

Question 16

In the preparation of a F/P you must establish client needs + impacts, what 4 major NEEDS are typically used to define the F/P criteria?

Answer 16

1 - EQUIPMENT/ STORAGE
2 - STAFF
3 - FURNITURE
4 - SPACE
*can be done room by room or dept by dept

Question 17

What should Feasibility Studies + business cases identify? (3)

Answer 17

Idea/concept
problem
opportunities

Question 18

The F/P report will typically begin by DESCRIBING some information about the client. What 3 characteristics of the client should be described?

Answer 18

Describe the client’s
• PHILOSOPHY
• VISION
• GOALS

Question 19

What sort of REGULATORY RESEARCH might occur at this stage? (7)

Answer 19

1 - COMMUNITY Plans
2 - ZONING + Land Use
3 - Designated Activity DISTRICTS (Business, Cultural, sports + Heritage)
4 - Review by Civic Design PANELS (ex: UDRP)
5 - ENVIRONMENTAL Issues
6 - Community CONCERNS
7 - TRANSPORTATION Issues

Question 20

Are consultants required during pre-design?

Answer 20

NO, a broad overview can be done by architect.

Question 21

The architect sometimes prepares these 4 components for the F/P?

Answer 21

1 - schedule
2 - preliminary budget
3 - project delivery method
4 - site evaluation or determination

Question 22

List 5 ways space requirements can be explicitly described in an FP report.

Answer 22

• define ACTIVITIES
• define functional RELATIONSHIPS of spaces
• bubble + flow DIAGRAMS
• SIZE of each space
• special TECHNICAL requirements (build. systems & equip.)

Question 23

Describe the different process phases for the development of an architectural program.

Answer 23

1.Gather information:
•client's philosophy / vision / goals
•services provided by new facility
• limit from municipality, zoning, NBC, etc
• Find information on site
2.IDENTIFY
•activities for each space
•all occupants
•major occupants
•relationships btween spaces or groups **note Bubble Diagram tool
3.PREPARE
•detailed space requirements
•overall schedule(sometimes)
•prelim budget(sometimes)
•outline proj delivery method(sometimes)
•site eval or determination(sometimes) - might inc. regulatory research ex: zoning

Question 24

In the preparation of a F/P you must establish client needs + impacts, what 3 major types of IMPACTS are focused on?

Answer 24

1 - BUILT environment (occupants & processes)
2 - SOCIAL impacts on community
3 - Infrastructure

Question 25

In addition to the client's philosophy/vision/goals and what/how services will be accommodated by the facility, what are the most likely needs to be IDENTIFIED in an F/P? (4) *How is this information typically organized?

Answer 25

``` 1 - OCCUPANTS 2 - MAJOR EQUIPMENT 3 - RELATIONSHIPS btwn. spaces 4 - SPACE requirements *can be done room by room or dept by dept ```