11-Language

Question 1

receptive language

Answer 1

brain derives meaning from auditory speech or visual language input

-comprehension

Question 2

expressive language

Answer 2

brain produces spoken or written language output to communicate meaning

-production

Question 3

anomia

Answer 3

difficulty finding words

-difficulty generating the words used to label things in the world.

Question 4

dysarthria

Answer 4

difficulty controlling the muscles used in speech

-difficulty saying words

Question 5

apraxia

Answer 5

impairment of motor planning of speech articulation

-difficulty pronouncing words

Question 6

aphasia

Answer 6

deficit in language comprehension or production

Question 7

historically Broca’s area has been associated with speech production…what new information do we have on this topic

Answer 7

• Broca’s area does not participate in production of individual words, but coordinates the transformation of information processing across large-scale cortical networks involved in spoken word production, prior to articulation.”
• Connects representations of words in temporal cortex to motor areas for articulation

Question 8

Wernicke’s area is associated with speech comprehension deficits …how has this view recently changed

Answer 8

there isn’t a completely clear association with lesions in Wernicke’s Area and Wernicke’s Aphasia – also involves surrounding tissue

Question 9

mental lexicon.

Answer 9

the collective store of information about the semantics, syntax, orthography, and phonology of words

Question 10

what is the neural correlated of the mental lexicon

Answer 10

• inferior and medial temporal cortex

- left temporal lobe

Question 11

process of spoken word comprehension and neural correlates

Answer 11

• PMTG :posterior middle temporal gyrus
• MTG: middle temporal gyrus
• ITG: inferir temporal gyrus
• PCC: posterior cingulate cortex

Question 12

process of written language comprehension and neural correlates

Answer 12

-left occipitotemporal cortex

Question 13

language production …neural correlates

Answer 13

• inferior temporal
• left frontal operculum (Brocas)
• motor cortex
• supplementary motor area
• insula
• basal ganglia
• cerebellum
• thalamus

Question 14

language is in left or right hemisphere

Answer 14

left

Question 15

which brain area connects words to motor

Answer 15

Broca’s area

Question 16

which area connects auditory input to words

Answer 16

Wernicke’s area

Question 17

which area links words to meaning

Answer 17

supra marginal gyrus

Question 18

which area links visual words to meaning

Answer 18

angular gyrus

Question 19

area responsible for auditory processing

Answer 19

STG (superior temporal gurus)

Question 20

mental lexicon brain area

Answer 20

temporal lobe

Question 21

mental lexicon… how it is organized semantically

Answer 21

• morpheme : cup, cake ,s
• frequency: accessed more quickly
• semantic relationships
• lexical neighborhood: bat, cat, sat