150 DVT Flashcards by Madelyn Shipley

A patient with a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is at greatest risk for which complication related to perfusion?
A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Stroke from carotid artery occlusion
D. Heart failure

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The pathophysiology of DVT is primarily explained by Virchow’s triad. Which three factors are included? (Select all that apply)

A. Venous stasis
B. Hypercoagulability
C. Endothelial injury
D. Hypovolemia
E. Hypertension

A
B
C

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Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for DVT?
A. Prolonged immobility
B. Oral contraceptive use
C. Family history of clotting disorders
D. Smoking

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A nurse is providing teaching on prevention of DVT. Which interventions should be included? (Select all that apply)

A. Early ambulation after surgery
B. Use of compression stockings
C. Encourage adequate hydration
D. Smoking cessation
E. Avoiding leg exercises while in bed

A
B
C
D

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A patient with a suspected DVT presents with which clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply)

A. Unilateral leg swelling
B. Warmth and redness over the vein
C. Pain or tenderness in the affected leg
D. Bilateral cool, pale extremities
E. Positive Homan’s sign

A
B
C

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Which finding would the nurse expect in a patient with thrombophlebitis?
A. Swelling of the face
B. Localized redness, warmth, and induration along a vein
C. Bilateral leg edema
D. Absent pedal pulses

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Which diagnostic test is the gold standard for confirming a DVT?
A. Venous Doppler ultrasound
B. CT scan of the chest
C. MRI of the leg
D. D-dimer alone

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A patient with a confirmed DVT is started on anticoagulation therapy. Which medications may be used? (Select all that apply)

A. Heparin
B. Warfarin
C. Enoxaparin
D. Aspirin
E. Alteplase (in severe cases)

A
B
C
E

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The nurse is caring for an older adult at risk for DVT. Which factor increases risk in this population?
A. Increased mobility
B. Loss of blood vessel elasticity
C. Decreased blood viscosity
D. Decreased clotting factor activity

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The nurse is teaching a postpartum patient about DVT risk. Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. “Pregnancy increases my risk of DVT because of hormonal changes.”
B. “Breastfeeding prevents clot formation.”
C. “I only need to worry if I have high blood pressure.”
D. “Taking short walks has no effect on my circulation.”

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Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a patient with DVT?
A. Massage the affected leg to improve circulation
B. Elevate the affected extremity and apply warm compresses
C. Encourage prolonged bed rest
D. Apply ice packs to reduce blood flow

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The nurse is planning culturally competent care for a patient with DVT who uses traditional herbal remedies. Which response is most appropriate?
A. “You must stop using those remedies immediately.”
B. “Let’s discuss your remedies with your provider to make sure they’re safe with your medications.”
C. “Herbal remedies don’t work, so there’s no need to continue them.”
D. “I cannot provide care if you continue to use herbs.”

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A nurse is reviewing labs for a patient suspected of having a DVT. Which test, if elevated, may indicate a thrombus?
A. BNP
B. D-dimer
C. Troponin
D. ALT

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A patient on IV heparin requires close monitoring of which lab?
A. INR
B. PT
C. aPTT
D. Platelets only

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The nurse is reinforcing teaching about subcutaneous heparin for DVT prevention. Which statement is correct?
A. “SubQ heparin is used to prevent clot formation.”
B. “SubQ heparin immediately dissolves existing clots.”
C. “SubQ heparin requires monitoring of aPTT levels.”
D. “SubQ heparin is given in the deltoid muscle.”

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The nurse is preparing to administer IV heparin to a patient with a confirmed DVT. What is the key difference from SubQ heparin?
A. IV heparin is used for prevention only.
B. IV heparin is used for treatment of active clots.
C. IV heparin never requires lab monitoring.
D. IV heparin has a slower onset of action.

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A patient is receiving enoxaparin (Lovenox) for DVT. Which nursing interventions are correct? (Select all that apply)

A. Administer SubQ in the abdomen.
B. Do not expel the air bubble in the prefilled syringe.
C. Rotate injection sites.
D. Massage the site after injection to improve absorption.
E. Monitor platelets for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).

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A
B
C
E

Which advantage does enoxaparin have over unfractionated heparin?
A. Requires frequent aPTT monitoring
B. Has a more predictable anticoagulant effect
C. Must be given IV only
D. Works by dissolving clots directly

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A patient with a massive DVT is started on alteplase (tPA). What is the most important nursing consideration?
A. Monitor for signs of bleeding
B. Encourage vigorous ambulation
C. Give intramuscular injections to improve drug absorption
D. Monitor potassium levels only

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The nurse is caring for a patient with severe bleeding on heparin therapy. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Fresh frozen plasma only
D. Naloxone

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Which reversal agent is appropriate for warfarin toxicity? (Select all that apply)

A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Fresh frozen plasma
D. Idarucizumab
E. Platelet transfusion

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A
C

A patient with recurrent DVTs who cannot tolerate anticoagulation may undergo which procedure?
A. Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement
B. Coronary artery bypass graft
C. Endarterectomy
D. Angioplasty

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The nurse is caring for a patient post-op after IVC filter placement. Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply)

A. Monitor insertion site for bleeding or hematoma
B. Assess for signs of pulmonary embolism
C. Encourage early ambulation as tolerated
D. Avoid all anticoagulant therapy permanently
E. Provide patient teaching about filter maintenance and follow-up

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A
B
C
E

Which surgical intervention may be considered for a massive or limb-threatening DVT when anticoagulation is not sufficient?
A. Venous thrombectomy
B. CABG
C. Appendectomy
D. Endoscopy

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What are the s/s the nurse can identify with a venous thrombosis? (select all) A. Erythema B. Edema C. Bulging vein D. Warm/hot to touch E. Skin is taut F. Cyanotic toes

A B D E

What is included in Virchow's Triad? (select all) A. Hemodialysis B. Vessel wall injury C. Altered coagulation D. Venous stasis E. Hemostasis

B C E

Which part of Virchow's triad does the following result in? - Immobility - long travel - pregnancy A. Vessel wall injury B. Altered coagulation C. Hemostasis

Which part of Virchow's triad does the following result in? - Surgical - Extended use of IV's - Traumatic injury A. Vessel wall injury B. Altered coagulation C. Hemostasis

Which part of Virchow's triad does the following result in? - Smoking - Birth control A. Vessel wall injury B. Altered coagulation C. Hemostasis

Your new pt is admitted with a DVT. The provider has yet to put any orders in. What nursing interventions should you use for this pt? A. Ambulate to the bathroom Q2hr B. Anticipate an order for a sedative C. Encourage pt to stay in bed D. Insert a foley catheter for strict I&O

C - stay put so not to risk dislodging the clot

What is the #1 prophylactic treatment for DVT's according to orthopedic surgeons? A. Aspirin 81mg B. Heparin C. Lovenox D. Eliquis

Which lab shows: -How long it takes the blood to clot/ issues with clotting factors A. PT B. PTT, aPTT, APTT C. Fibrinogen D. INR E. Platelets F. H&H

Which lab shows: -Calculation based on result of PT A. PT B. PTT, aPTT, APTT C. Fibrinogen D. INR E. Platelets F. H&H

Which lab shows: -Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HITT) A. PT B. PTT, aPTT, APTT C. Fibrinogen D. INR E. Platelets F. H&H

Which lab shows: -protein made by liver, determines how long it takes to clot, different set of clotting factors A. PT B. PTT, aPTT, APTT C. Fibrinogen D. INR E. Platelets F. H&H

Which lab shows: -If there's a drop in the future after therapy, indicates bleeding A. PT B. PTT, aPTT, APTT C. Fibrinogen D. INR E. Platelets F. H&H

What are thrombolytic's used for Ex: tPA, TNK A. Treatment of PE's B. To break up the DVT C. Blocked arteries D. Prophylactic's

You hung a heparin drip on a pt 20 minuets ago, the pump is beeping, you enter the room and see the bag of heparin is done infusing. What steps should the nurse take? (Put in order from first to last) A. Notify the physician B. Repeat labs C. Wait 1 hour D. Anticipate an order for protamine sulfate

C B A D

What are the reversal agents used for warfarin or coumadin? (Select all) A. Packed RBC's B. Fresh frozen plasma C. Dialysis D. Vit. K

B D

Identify which 2 treatment options are -Used after treatment -Used before treatment A. Warm compress B. Compression stockings C. Exercise D. Elevation

After: B C Before: A D

150 DVT Flashcards

(40 cards)