243 final Flashcards by Madelyn Shipley

What side of the heart is affected if these s/s are present:
-Edema
-Liver engorgement
-Weight gain
-Neck vein distention
A- R sided
B- L sided

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What side of the heart is affected if these s/s are present:
-Tachypnea
-Dyspnea
-Orthopnea
-Cough
-Cyanosis
-Wheezing
-Rales
-Retractions
-Nasal Flaring
A- R sided
B- L sided

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Congenital heart defects are the #1 cause of what:
A-Cardiomyopathy
B-Tetralogy of fallot
C- Congestive heart failure
D-Atrial septal defect

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S/S of which cardiac problem:
-Tires easily, especially during feedings
-Engorged liver
-Grunting
-Retractions
A-Atrial septal defect
B-Congestive heart failure
C-Aortic stenosis
D-Atrioventricular canal

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What NSG interventions would you want to implement for a kid with CHF (select all)
A-No more than 20min feedings
B-Cluster care
C-Place prone when resting
D-Continuous pulse ox
E-Semi-fowlers at all times
F-Contact precautions

A
B
D
E

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For kids with CHF, to provide adequate nutrition, nurses should: (select all)
A-Increased caloric formula
B-Feeding tube to supplement
C-High fat formula
D-Feed @ 45 degrees or in a car seat
E-Burp at the end of the feed

A
B
D

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What are some risk factors for pulmonary hypertension (select all)
A-LGA
B-Oligohydramnios
C-Preterm
D-Preeclampsia

B
C
D

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What are some s/s of pulmonary hypertension (select all)
A-Chest pain
B-Syncope
C-Dyspnea with exercise
D-Retractions
E-Wheezing

A
B
C

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What is the most important thing parents can do for kids with pulmonary hypertension?
A-Provide nutritious meals
B-Get them vaccinated
C-Strictly monitor their growth
D-Make sure they do 15min of light exercise daily

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Which congenital heart defect is:
-Left to right shunt
-Obstruction of blood from ventricles
A-Cyanotic
B-Acyanotic

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Which congenital heart defect is:
-Right to left shunt
-Mixed blood flow
A-Cyanotic
B-Acyanotic

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Which CHD is:
-Opening between right and left ventricle
-May spontaneously close
-Most common
-Will require prophylactic antibiotics
A-Atrial septal defect
B-Aortic stenosis
C-Ventricular septal defect
D-Patent Ductus Arteriosis

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S/S of ventricular septal defect (Select all)
A-Shorter and smaller statured
B-Clubbed fingers
C-Chronic wheezing
D-Needs nutritional supplements
E-Periorbital cyanosis

A
D
E

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What 4 defects are included in tetralogy of fallot?
A-Aortic stenosis
B-Hypertrophy of R ventricle
C-Stenosis of pulmonary artery
D-Patent Ductus Arteriosis
E-Overriding aorta
F-Ventricular septal defect

B
C
E
F

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S/S of tetralogy of fallot (select all)
A-Polycythemia
B-Loud murmur
C-No growth restrictions
D-Clubbed fingers
E-Squatting episodes
F-Barrel chested
G-Tet spells

A
B
D
E
G

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What is a TET spell?
A-Tetany causes the child to fall over
B-Sudden spells caused by carbon monoxide overload
C-Oxygen levels in the blood suddenly drops causing severe cyanosis
D-The brain looses too much oxygen and the child passes out

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What is the immediate treatment for a TET spell?
A- Bronchodilator
B- Knee to chest position
C- Call 911
D- Morphine

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What are 3 treatments for a TET spell? (select all)
A-Oxygen
B-Bronchodilator
C-Corticosteroids
D-Knee chest position
E-Morphine

A
D
E

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Lack of drainage post-op cardiac surgery can indicate what?
A-Hemorrhage
B-Cardiac tamponade
C-Normal healing
D-Pericardial tamponade
E-Hemothorax
F-Pericardial effusions

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Increased drainage post-op cardiac surgery can indicate what?
A-Hemorrhage
B-Cardiac tamponade
C-Normal healing
D-Pericardial tamponade
E-Hemothorax
F-Pericardial effusions

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Clogged tubes post-op cardiac surgery can indicate what? (Select all)
A-Hemorrhage
B-Cardiac tamponade
C-Normal healing
D-Pericardial tamponade
E-Hemothorax
F-Pericardial effusions

D
E
F

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What should nurses do post-op cardiac surgery (select all)
A-Apply telemonitor
B-Turn Q2hr
C-Incentive spirometry with pinwheel or bubbles
D-Aspirate tubes Q2hr
E-Early ambulation

B
C
E

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What is the hemoglobin range for kids with sickle cell anemia?
A-8-9g/dL
B-10-11g/dL
C-6-10g/dL
D-7-9g/dL

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Anemia increases the risk of:
A-Kidney failure
B-Osteoporosis
C-Heart failure
D-Liver failure

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When does sickling occur with sickle cell anemia? A-Periods of decreased oxygen B-As it is being formed by the bone marrow C-When it gets oxygenated D-As it forms a thrombi

What are some triggers for sickle cell anemia? (select all) A-Exposure to cold B-Hyponatremia C-Infection D-Physical & emotional distress E-Unknown

A C D

If a pt arrives in an ambulance, the EMT tells you the pt was running, early this morning in 35 degree weather after learning some stressful news, she fell over in intense pain and muscle spasms. What disorder do you think she has? A-Shin splints B-Cardiac arrythmias C-Sickle cell anemia D-Panic attack

S/S of sickle cell anemia in children (select all) A-Inconsolable B-Swelling of fingers & toes & joints C-Drink excessively & polyuria D-Ecchymosis E-Anorexia

B C E

S/S of sickle cell crisis (Select all) A-Nuchal rigidity B-Inconsolable C-Icterus D-Convulsions E- Paralysis F-Decreased DTR's

A C D E

You walk into the room of a child with sickle cell anemia, what objective data would lead you to believe they are in crisis? (select all) A-Thrashing around in the bed B-Blood in the diaper C-Vomit on the sheets D-Pt points to the area of pain E-Yellow eyes F-Temperature G-Pt states they have a headache

B C E F

You walk into the room of a child with sickle cell anemia, what subjective data would lead you to believe they are in crisis? (select all) A-Pt says their abdominal pain is a 9/10 B-They are unarousable C- They point to their joints and R leg when asked what hurts D-They look like a "sick kid"

A C

Put these interventions in order of what to first - third for a sickle cell crisis A-Pain control - morphine B-Oxygen C-Hydrate

C B A

What vitamin would you want to give kids with sickle cell anemia? A-Vit C B-Vit D C-Folic acid D-B12

What meds would you pull from the pyxis to manage a pt with sickle cell anemia? (select all) A-Dilaudid & morphine B-Cardizem C-Haldol & Ativan D- L-flutamine (Amino acid) E-Betamethasone F-Penicillin or erythromycin

A B D F

What med prevents sickling by decreasing hemolysis? A-Crizanluzumab B-Hydroxyurea C-Diltiazem D-Voxelotor

What may be necessary in order to obtain a sample to test a child for cancer? (select all) A-Allow the child to play with the needle B-Ketamine, propofol, or versed C-Amnesia and fentanyl D- 4 point restraints

B C

Which treatment for childhood cancer: -Increases potential for secondary infection -Causes fever, N/V/D, muscle aches, loss of appetite, rash -Treats all types of cancer A- Bone marrow transplant B- BRM (Biological response modulators) C-Immunotherapy D-Chemo/radiation

If a child with cancer is given 3 units of blood, and there Hgb level is 6 to start with, what would there Hgb level be after the infusion? A-8 B-10 C-9 D-7

C - for every 1 unit given, Hgb rises by 1

What are some side effects of cancer treatment? (select all) A-Alopecia B-Moon face/mood changes C-Oliguria D-Bone pain E-Altered nutrition

A B E

Your pt is 8 years old with cancer, you inspect his mouth and notice: -Thick saliva -Cracked lips -Rough, white, cracked tongue -Doesn't want to drink because it hurts to swallow What side effect of treatment are they experiencing? (select all) A-GVHD B-Xerostomia C-Mucositis D-Thrush

B C

What causes graft vs host disease? A-Liver transplant B-RBC infusion C-Steroids and immunosuppressive drugs D-Bone marrow transplant

Where would a neuroblastoma be located? A-Frontal lobe B-Parietal lobe C-Temporal lobe D-Parasympathetic NS E-Sympathetic NS

If your pt has a neuroblastoma, what symptoms would you expect to see? (select all) A-Tachycardia B-Pupil dilation C-Hypotension D-Urinary retention E-Increased metabolism F-Tremors in hands

A B D E C- HYPERtension

Where would an embryonal tumor be located? A-Parasympathetic NS B-Adrenal medulla C-R lobe of liver D-Parietal lobe

You assess a child and find: -A firm, nontender, irregular mass that crosses the midline in the abdomen -Raccoon eyes -Bone pain What type of cancer do you suspect? A-Leukemia B-Glioblastoma C-Neuroblastoma D-Basal cell carcinoma

What would you expect to see in a child with a retinoblastoma? A-Constant squinting B-Red pupils C-Lazy eye D-White pupil

You assess a child with: -Abdominal mass, swelling & pain -Fever that doesn't go away -SOB -Hypertension -Hematuria What do you suspect is going on? A-Neuroblastoma B-Embryonal tumor C-Nephroblastoma D-Hepatic cancer

What is the treatment for a Wilm's tumor (Nephroblastoma) A-Chemo/radiation B-Removal of entire kidney & ureter C-Bone marrow transplant D-Partial resection of affected kidney

A child tested positive for strep almost 2 weeks ago and did not finish antibiotics because he didn't like the taste, he comes in with: -Oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria -Abdominal discomfort -Headache -Hypertension What do you suspect is going on? A- Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis B-Sepsis C-Recurrent strep infection D-Epiglottitis

What are some s/s of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis? (Select all) A-Increased metabolism B-Periorbital edema C-Lethargy D-Pallor E-Increased sweat production F-Irritability

B C D F

What should you never do when assessing a Wilms tumor? A-Auscultate B-Straight cath C-Palpate D-Take temperature rectally

What is: -A neurophysiologic disorder defined in behavioral terms and associated with significant morbidity in both social and academic success, and self-esteem A- Conduct disorder B-Bipolar disorder C-Autism spectrum D- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which type of ADHD shows these symptoms: -Trouble keeping attention -Does not follow directions -Inattentive when spoken to -Trouble with organization A-Hyperactive-impulsive subtype B-Overfocused C-Inattentive subtype D- Anxious adhd

Which type of ADHD shows these symptoms: -Fidgets and squirms -Gets up from seat when expected to sit -Excessively runs, climbs, restless when not appropriate -Trouble with quiet play A-Hyperactive-impulsive subtype B-Overfocused C-Inattentive subtype D- Anxious adhd

You are observing a child and notice these symptoms: Has a disinterested face when asked to solve math equations, looks at his surroundings often and fidgets with his pencil, says he misplaced his calculator Which type of ADHD are you suspecting? A-Hyperactive-impulsive subtype B-Overfocused C-Inattentive subtype D- Anxious adhd

You are observing a child and notice these symptoms: -Talks over his friend -Blurts out answer before the teacher finishes the question -Gets frustrated being in 6th place for lunch and tries to skip the line -Interrupts 2 classmates while they are having a conversation A-Hyperactive-impulsive subtype B-Overfocused C-Inattentive subtype D- Anxious adhd

In ADHD, what are they deficient in? (Select 2) A-Oxytocin B-Norepinephrine C-Dopamine D-Serotonin

B C

True or false: Kids with ADHD have: -Low self-esteem -Anxiety -Depression

True

Can this child be diagnosed with ADHD? -Symptoms present at first yearly exam -Has many friends but is failing 2 classes -Has 5 clinical findings

No - symptoms must be present in more than 1 environmental setting -Needs to affect child in more than one way such as socially or academically

Can this child be diagnosed with ADHD? -Doctor notes symptoms at yearly exam and school nurse documents symptoms -Is not liked by classmates and is failing 3 classes -Has 3 clinical findings

Yes

Can this child be diagnosed with ADHD? -Doctor has noted symptoms in the past 3 visits -Has 1 friend but hasn't talked to them in 2 weeks, failing math -Has 2 clinical findings

No - must have 3 or more clinical findings

Are these meds used to treat ADHD stimulants or non-stimulants? -Methylphenidate -Dexamethylphenidate -Amphetamines

Stimulants

Are these meds used to treat ADHD stimulants or non-stimulants? -Atomoxetine -Guanfacine

Non-stimulants

Side effects for stimulants (Select all) A-Loss of appetite w/ weight loss B-Hypotension/bradycardia C-Over-concentration D-Insomnia E-Rhabdomyolysis F-Drowsiness G-Tics H-Extreme anxiety

A C D E G H

A child comes into the ER having a seizure. You notice he is diaphoretic, dry chapped lips, and irregular breathing. When he wakes up, he says he sees bugs on the wall, clutches his chest, and rips out his IV and throws it at the nurse. What medication could be causing these adverse effects? A- Guanafacine B-Methylphenidate C-Strattera D- Tenex

A child comes into the clinic with tremors in his hands, doesn't know how he got here, and sits down because he says the room is spinning. When taking vitals, he is hypertensive with dysrhythmias and palpations, fever and irregular breathing. What medication could be causing these adverse effects? A-Intuniv B- Catapres C- Vilozaxine D- Amphetamines

Side effects of non- stim meds (Select all) A-Abdominal pain B-Drowsiness/fatigue C-Tachypnea D-Hypertension/tachycardia E-Dry mouth

A B E

What are things nurses should do when caring for a child with autism? (Select all) A-Touch their shoulder when their back is turned towards you B-Offer choice of menu C-Limit environmental stimulation D-Limit waiting time E-Assume the child cannot understand you F-Be aware of textures

B C D F

What are things nurses should NOT do when caring for a child with autism? (Select all) A-Turn your back to them B- Touch without warning C- Ask them to stop when stimming D-Assess the child first E-Assume the child cannot understand you

B C E

When should children be screened for autism? A- Every year until 18 B-5 times by age 2 C- 3 times by age 3 D-7 times by age 7

What can cause Cerebral palsy? (select all) A-Meningitis & encephalitis B-Subdural hemorrhage C-Kernicterus D-Birth/head injuries E-Smoking & alcohol during pregnancy

A B C D

A child comes to the ED with s/s: -Fever and crying more than usual per parents -Tugging at L ear and complaining of it feeling wet -Unable to lay down due to pain located in ear and headache What do you suspect the child has? A-Meningitis B-Flu A C-Otitis media D-Migraine

What meds would you expect a child with otitis media to be prescribed? (select all) A-Ceftriaxone B-Acetaminophen C-Amoxicillin D-Clindamycin

A C D

Put these in order of how to give eye drops & ointment: A-Pull lower lid down B-Instill 1/4 inch of ointment into conjunctival sac C-Wash hands D-Instill drops into conjunctival sac E-Wipe from inner to outer canthus

C A D B E

What is: -The most common, permanent physical disability -Affects motor & neuro pathways -Abnormal tone & coordination A- Down syndrome B-Autism C-Cerebral palsy D-ADHD

What ages should kids be screened for autism? (select all) A-6 months B-9 months C-12 months D-18 months E-22 months F-24 months G-36months

B D F G

What disorder causes kids to have a scissor motion with the legs and persistent primitive reflexes? A-Cerebral palsy B- Down syndrome C- ADHD D- Autism

Label these with the appropriate body parts affected: A- Quadriplegic B- Hemiplegic C- Diplegic 1-One side of the body is affected 2-Both arms and legs are affected 3- Both legs are affected

A - 2 B- 1 C - 3

A child comes into the ED with swollen eyelids, crusty drainage, mild itching, and sensitive to light. What type of infection do you suspect? A-Otitis media B- Acute bacterial conjunctivitis C-Allergies D-Viral conjunctivitis

A child comes into the ED with white, stringy mucus coming out of their R eye and mild swelling and redness. What type of infection do you suspect? A-Otitis media B- Acute bacterial conjunctivitis C-Allergies D-Viral conjunctivitis

243 final Flashcards

(80 cards)