1905 - Plan

Question 1

Background 1

Answer 1

• 6% land farmable
• Serfs emancipated in 1861
• Still in abject poverty due to redemption payments

Question 2

Background 2

Answer 2

• Autocracy
• Seen as outdated by upper/middle classes in comparison to other 20th century countries
• Upper/middle classes wanted a voice

Question 3

Factors

Answer 3

• Workers
• Peasants
• Political Opposition
• Russo-Japanese War
• Bloody Sunday

Question 4

Chosen Factors

Answer 4

• Peasants
• Workers
• Bloody Sunday

Question 5

P - K1

Answer 5

• Land shortages meant peasants were unable to feed themselves + their families

Question 6

P - K2

Answer 6

• Famines caused many peasants to die
• Deaths due to high levels to poverty in rural areas
• 1891 where 400,000 died

Question 7

P - A1

Answer 7

• Turned people against Tsar due to lack of food + poor living conditions
• Unrest + discontent meant that revolt was more likely

Question 8

P - A2

Answer 8

• High level of death shocked country, not just those in rural areas
• Some famines reported on which spread discontent
• Tsar seen as incompetent so revolt more likely

Question 9

P - A+

Answer 9

• Most peasants still followed the church which preached obedience
• Less likely to turn against Tsar + revolt

Question 10

P - E

Answer 10

• Bloody Sunday had more impact on unrest
• 800,000 people protesting Bloody Sunday 1 month after, with around 1/2 in St Petersburg
• Strikes in Kursk, Feb 1905, ended around harvest time
• Strikes concentrated in urban areas

Question 11

W - K1

Answer 11

• Appalling living conditions
• Caused by rapid industrialisation
• Housing thrown up + densely packed

Question 12

W - K2

Answer 12

• Rent + food prices extremely high

- Families struggled to provide for themselves

Question 13

W - A1

Answer 13

• Discontent due to poor living conditions

- Political unrest + ideas easily spread due to dense housing

Question 14

W - A2

Answer 14

• Inability to feed their families lead to discontent
• Some turned to revolutionary action out of desperation
• More people turned against Tsar

Question 15

W - A+

Answer 15

• Head of Police, Zubtov, allowed for unions to be set up

- Vented workers anger + gave place to express views

Question 16

W - E

Answer 16

• Bloody Sunday created more unrest
• Bloody Sunday led to assassination of Sergei Alexandrovich, Nicholas II’s Uncle, Feb 1905, major event leading up to revolution
• Workers’ unrest formed St Petersburg Soviet in 1905 Oct, disbanded 2 months later, leaders’ arrested (Leon Trotsky)

Question 17

BS - K1

Answer 17

• Protesters carrying banners supporting the Tsar + his family
• Peacefully marched towards Winter Palace

Question 18

BS - K2

Answer 18

• Led to strikes all over country
• Warsaw, Odessa, St Petersburg, Moscow
• 150,000 striking in St Petersburg alone

Question 19

BS - A1

Answer 19

• Turned some of Tsar’s last supporters against him

- Made Tsar look like a monster so turned even more people against him

Question 20

BS - A2

Answer 20

• Political unrest was the base of 1905 revolution

- Scale alone led to 1905 revolution, everyone joined in across the country

Question 21

BS - A+

Answer 21

• Strikes were already happening before Bloody Sunday

- Due to Russo-Japanese War + discontent etc

Question 22

BS - E

Answer 22

• More important than

Question 23

RJW - K1

Answer 23

• Took 8 months for Russian Navy to reach the Battle of Tsushima Straights
• Took 45 mins for them to be defeated by Japanese

Question 24

RJW - A1

Answer 24

• Embarrassing defeat
• Tsar seen as incompetent and unable to command his navy
• Turned people against Tsar

Question 25

RJW - A+

Answer 25

- Russia didn't have to pay compensation - Well-negotiated peace treaty - Made defeat less significant so angered people less

Question 26

PO - K1

Answer 26

- Censorship was growing more unpopular | - Especially among middle class

Question 27

PO - A1

Answer 27

- Tsar's ignorance of issues of people made them turn against him - Middle class originally didn't oppose Tsar but lack of voice turned them against him

Question 28

PO - A+

Answer 28

- Okhrana very effective at seeking out political opponents - Forced them to work underground + separately - A lot less powerful so less significant