1917 - Plan

Question 1

Background 1

Answer 1

• Nicholas II crowned 1894

- Attempts to continue autocracy

Question 2

Background 2

Answer 2

• Russia difficult to govern
• 6% farmable land
• Large country so lots of different needs due to different ethnic groups

Question 3

Background 3

Answer 3

• 1905 revolution

- Ongoing strikes + working class unrest

Question 4

Factors

Answer 4

• Workers
• Peasantry
• Nicholas II
• Tsarina
• WW1

Question 5

Chosen Factors

Answer 5

• Workers
• Peasants
• WW1

Question 6

Line of Argument

Answer 6

• WW1 was important in causing February Revolution

Question 7

WO - K1

Answer 7

• Lena Gold Mine Strikes
• Even after 1905 revolution
• Punished harshly
• Over 200 killed

Question 8

WO - K2

Answer 8

• Shortages due to WW1
• Petrograd far away from farmland so difficult to supply food
• Food prices had quadrupled while wages only doubled by 1917

Question 9

WO - A1

Answer 9

• Workers unable to express political opinion without punishment
• Drove many to more extreme actions

Question 10

WO - A2

Answer 10

• Urban workers unhappy due to lack of food + high prices

- Unrest rose due to shortages

Question 11

WO - A+

Answer 11

• Other countries doing much worse with rationing
• Turkey, Autria-Hungary, + Germany doing very poorly
• Didn’t lead to revolution in any other country

Question 12

WO - E

Answer 12

• Main thing angering workers caused by WW1
• Shortages of food caused by poor rail network + loss of farmable land in Poland. Petrograd only received 1/4 bread it received before war
• Refugees flooding to cities made conditions worse, refugees also caused by war.

Question 13

P - K1

Answer 13

• Terrible living conditions
• Life expectancy of 40
• Poor housing

Question 14

P - K2

Answer 14

• Farmers forced to move back from Siberia due to conditions being too harsh
• Land shortages still an issue

Question 15

P - A1

Answer 15

• Unsatisfied which led to discontent and unrest

- More likely to revolt + turn against Tsar

Question 16

P - A2

Answer 16

• Unable to provide for themselves

- Also caused discontent + inspired revolt

Question 17

P - A+

Answer 17

• Agrarian reforms improved living conditions so peasants were satisfied
• Land banks + removal of redemption payments meant farmers could provide for themselves + family

Question 18

P - E

Answer 18

• Main things angering peasants caused by WW1
• Over 80% of excess deaths due to WW1 came from rural areas, rural communities lost many loved ones due to conscription
• Conscription mean farms couldn’t be run due to lack of man power, families couldn’t provide for themselves, caused discontent

Question 19

WW1 - K1

Answer 19

• Battle of Tannenberg
• August 1914
• 30,000 Russians killed/captured/wounded
• Only 10,000 escaped

Question 20

WW1 - K2

Answer 20

• Severe lack of equipment
• 6 million men but only 4.5 million riffles at start of the war
• Some artillery units limited to 3 shells/day

Question 21

WW1 - A1

Answer 21

• Made Tsar look incompetent + incapable of leading his own armies due to horrendous defeats

Question 22

WW1 - A2

Answer 22

• Lost loyalty from soldiers so couldn’t control revolts

- Seen as incapable at looking after his men

Question 23

WW1 - A+

Answer 23

• Victories began to happen closer to revolution
• Couldn’t be sole cause
• Brusilov Offensive
• 1916
• Half of Austro-Hungarian troops killed/injured, almost knocked Austria-Hungary out of war

Question 24

WW1 - E

Answer 24

• More significant than Nicholas II
• Forced Nicholas II to make most significant mistake, moving away from Petrograd to front line
• If WW1 wasn’t going so poorly, Nicholas wouldn’t have had to move
• Meant that he couldn’t see full extent of unrest in Petrograd or control situation

Question 25

T - K1

Answer 25

- In 18 months Nicholas was away - 4 Prime Ministers - 3 Ministers of War - 3 Foreign Ministers

Question 26

T - A1

Answer 26

- Made government look corrupt as those taking power were doing so through bribes to Rasputin - Government looked incompetent + unable to rule turning more people against them

Question 27

T - A+

Answer 27

- Rasputin assassinated Dec 1916 | - Revolution would've occurred during his lifetime if he was the key cause

Question 28

N - K1

Answer 28

- Refused to work with Progressive Bloc | - 2/3 of Duma which were helping to govern Russia

Question 29

N - A1

Answer 29

- Made a major political force in Petrograd turn against Tsar - Many people followed suite, making revolution more likely

Question 30

N - A+

Answer 30

- When Tsar become Commander in Chief - Aug 1915 - Russian army began winning battles in WW1 - Improved people's view of Tsar, making his actions less impactful in causing revolution